Saturday 22 November 2008

Your VOANews.com Headlines (UTF-8)

Five years after Georgia's Rose Revolution and weeks after the Russian-Georgian War, correspondent Sonja Pace visited the Caucasus nation to check on Georgia: Beyond the War. Our special report includes video, an interactive timeline, slideshows and more. Keep up with APEC coverage on our Global Economic Turmoil page. VOANews.com, with its new community site USAVotes2008.com, will continue to provide you with coverage on the transition from President Bush to President Obama. 


Fugitive British Militant Killed in Strike in Pakistan

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Rashid Rauf, linked to 2006 terror plot to blow up trans-Atlantic airlines, said to be among dead in remote region near Afghan border
Officials and tribal witnesses in Pakistan say a suspected U.S missile
strike has killed at least five militants, including several foreigners
in a remote region near the Afghan border. A fugitive British militant
linked to a 2006 terror plot to blow up trans-Atlantic airlines and an
Egyptian al-Qaida operative are said to be among those killed in the
attack. Ayaz Gul reports from Islamabad.  The early morning
missile strike by a suspected unmanned U.S. aircraft destroyed a house
in the North Waziristan tribal region, which Taliban and al-Qaida
militants are using to stage attacks on foreign forces in Afghanistan.In this 2006 file photo, Rashid Rauf is escorted by Pakistani police officers, unseen, to appear in court in Rawalpindi, PakistanAn
al-Qaida-linked British militant, Rashid Rauf, is said to be among
those killed in Saturday's attack.  Western intelligence officials
believe the man played a key role in a 2006 terror plot meant to blow
up trans-Atlantic passenger flights. Media reports say that an
Egyptian al-Qaida operative identified as Abu Zubair al-Misri was also
killed in the suspected U.S. missile strike on their hideout in the
remote village of Alikhel.Unmanned U.S planes are believed to
have carried out more than 20 missile attacks since August targeting
militant bases on the Pakistani side of the border.But critics,
like former Pakistan Interior Secretary Tasneem Noorani, say that so
far neither Pakistani nor American officials have presented any proof
of killing high-profile militants in these attacks. He says that such
actions mostly depend on human intelligence network on the ground that
might be guiding these strikes. "Those people inform them of
the location of these high-value targets, and they strike. But whether
actually they have found the actual target I think it is difficult to
really confirm whatever the claim is," he said. British-Pakistani
Rauf was arrested and was under trial in an anti-terror court in
Pakistan but late last year he escaped from the custody of Pakistani
police after appearing in a hearing in Islamabad. The British government had sought his extradition to London, where he was wanted in connection with the murder of his uncle.  U.S.
officials neither confirm nor deny these missile attacks. But Pakistani
leaders complain such actions undermine their nation's sovereignty and
collateral damage in these attacks is feeding Islamic extremism in
Pakistan. Pakistan People's Party leader Asif Ali Zardari addresses a press conference in Islamabad, 07 Aug 2008Addressing Indian media and business community by
teleconference from Islamabad on Saturday, President Asif Ali Zardari
voiced hope that after taking office President-elect Barack Obama will
review and halt attacks inside Pakistan. "In fact I am looking
forward to interacting with him and asking him and sitting on the map
and to revisit the whole situation in the region and hopefully to find
a solution to all the problems that we have, not just terrorism," he
said.Early this week, Taliban militants based in the North
Waziristan region of Pakistan threatened they will launch revenge
suicide missions and attack foreigners as well a government targets
across the country unless U.S. raids are stopped. Meanwhile,
on Saturday, suspected Taliban militants attacked a security post in
the district of Bannu with rockets and gunfire killing three security
personnel.

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Obama Plan to Create 2.5 Million Jobs by 2011

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US president-elect vows to sign Economic Recovery Plan soon after taking office on January 20
U.S. President-elect Barack Obama (file photo)U.S. President-elect Barack Obama says he has directed his economic
team to develop a plan to create 2.5 million jobs by January
of 2011.In Saturday's Democratic radio address, Mr. Obama said
details of his economic recovery plan are still being worked out, but
he promised to sign it soon after taking office on January 20.The
incoming president says the two-year action plan will lay the
foundation for a strong and growing economy and put people back to work
rebuilding roads, modernizing schools, and developing new energy
technologies.U.S. media report Mr. Obama will announce his economic team on Monday.News
agencies say Mr. Obama will nominate Timothy Geithner, head of the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York, to be his treasury secretary.Geithner
is one of the top central bank officials who set U.S. interest rate
policy and made other decisions aimed at keeping inflation and
unemployment in check.Meanwhile, the office of former
presidential candidate Hillary Clinton has denied reports that she has
decided to give up her Senate seat and accept the position of secretary
of state. But a spokesman said talks with the Obama transition team are
on track.


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Bush Advocates Free Market System at APEC Summit

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US president meeting with leaders of Pacific Rim countries to discuss global economy
US President George W. Bush (file photo)U.S. President George Bush has urged world leaders to embrace free
markets and trade to help pull the world out of its current economic
crisis.Mr. Bush addressed business leaders from Pacific Rim
countries Saturday shortly before the formal opening of a summit of the
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in Lima, Peru.The U.S.
president said the three great forces for economic growth are "free
markets, free trade and free people."  He said the greatest threat to
prosperity is too much government involvement in the markets, while
acknowledging that there are times when intervention is essential.He also applauded the benefits of free trade agreements, and said world leaders must work to bring down global trade barriers.Mr.
Bush is seeking to build support for measures endorsed last week during
the Group of 20 (or G-20) meeting in Washington, that included leaders
of the world's biggest economies and key developing nations.The summit is Mr. Bush's last scheduled trip abroad before he leaves office in January.Mr.
Bush met today with Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, and is
scheduled to meet with the Prime Minister of Japan, Taro Aso, South
Korean President Lee Myung-bak, and Russian President Dmitri Medvedev.President
Bush met Friday with Chinese President Hu Jintao on issues involving
Iran, North Korea, Burma, Zimbabwe, and Sudan.  The White House says
Mr. Bush also urged China to continue talks with Tibet's exiled
spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP and AP.


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Officials, Companies Around the World Worry About US Auto Industry

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They fear inaction to help industry will bring devastating consequences for industry
U.S. automakers are struggling to survive, as tight credit and the economic slowdown slash car and truck sales. The U.S. Congress has put off a decision on helping the faltering, big three automakers. Some economists , business leaders, and officials warn that inaction will bring devastating consequences for the industry, and have repercussions around the world. VOA's Jeff Seldin looks at what analysts say could happen if General Motors, Chrysler, or Ford collapsed.

From right: GM CEO Rick Wagoner, Chrysler CEO Robert Nardelli, and Ford CEO Alan Mulally, testify at a Senate Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs hearing, 18 Nov 2008 Concerns about the U.S. auto industry are running high in America. But analyst Kent Hughes at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington says officials around the world have reason to fear, should one of the major U.S. car companies fail. "The supply chains for the "Big Three" automakers, the "Detroit Three," really extend all around the world. So the parts makers, plastic makers, people who provide the paint, the whole host of suppliers would be thoroughly disrupted."

The U.S.-based Center for Automotive Research says the collapse of one of the "Big Three" automakers would cost the U.S. economy billions of dollars. Hughes says that would have consequences far beyond the U.S. automotive center in Detroit. "It would ripple all across the country, affecting small communities and large communities in many other states, which in turn would reduce our demand overall for imports from the rest of the world, which would in turn weaken their economies," he said,

Japanese Finance Minister Shoichi Nakagawa, speaking to Bloomberg through a translator, agrees that, if one major U.S. car company crashes, the problems would spread. "The auto industry is a hugely important employer with so many related industries. So, the effects would not simply be the collapse of a single company. There would be a very large and negative effect, and not just for America, but for Europe and Japan, as well."

The impact is already being felt at the world's largest chemical company, BASF, which announced it will suspend operations at 80 plants, affecting 20-thousand workers.

BASF Chief Executive Officer Juergen Hambrecht tells Bloomberg, if the economic situation does not improve, more jobs could be at risk. "You look into our custom industries, automotive, textile and construction, you all see closures and plant shutdowns, and this has a major impact on our business."

And Jesse Toprak with Edmunds.com, a Web site that studies the auto industry, says small, regional companies that feed the auto industry could also be affected. "For example, the goggles that the workers wear on the line, or the gloves that they wear. They (goggles and gloves) don't go into (the making of) the car, but they need them to make the car. So, all these supplies, which if you can imagine the production of all the domestic three across the world, adds up to tremendous amounts. And, it really trickles down."

However, Toprak says trouble for the U.S. car companies may not be bad for competitors. "The good news is that, whenever a competitor is suffering, that usually means a company has a higher chance of grabbing that market share and growing. The bad news is that no one is immune to the weakness of the marketplace nowadays."

Carlos Ghosn, chief executive officer of Japanese carmaker Nissan, agrees. "I think, a lot of the car manufacturers are going to be finding themselves in a situation where they are going to have to preserve cash, which means cutting on investments, lowering inventories, reducing head count (employees)."

Such concerns are putting pressure on officials, not just in the U.S., but also in Europe and Asia, to help automakers survive. And the concern has filtered down to the man on the street.

Even Tian, a taxi driver in China, is worried. He says American car companies have global influence, and that, if they are in trouble, there could be problems for everyone.

General Motors spokesman Tom Wilkinson says money spent on helping car companies will pay off, as the economy rebounds. "Russia or Brazil or China, when people get to a certain income level they want cars."

But another Chinese taxi driver says the U.S. auto companies need to do more to be successful. He says they should start by making their cars more fuel efficient.


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Elders Abandon Zimbabwe Visit; Meet Tsvangirai in Johannesburg

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Government refuses entry to three eminent individuals of Elders group, including former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan - forcing them to abandon planned humanitarian visit to country
The Zimbabwe government has refused entry to three eminent individuals
of The Elders group, including former United Nations Secretary-General
Kofi Annan - forcing them to abandon a planned humanitarian visit to
Zimbabwe.  VOA's Delia Robertson reports from our southern Africa
bureau in Johannesburg, the group did however meet with Zimbabwe Prime
Minister Designate Morgan Tsvangirai. Annan, along with former
U.S. president Jimmy Carter and Graça Machel, the wife of former South
African President Nelson Mandela, had hoped to travel to Zimbabwe in an
attempt to speed up humanitarian assistance to the people of that
county.  Annan said the group would continue their efforts to
accomplish that goal. "We had hoped to go to Zimbabwe this
morning, but we have had to put it off because the government has made
it clear they will not cooperate," he said. "But we agreed to continue
our work in the country to determine the situation on the ground, what
we can do to help, increase assistance to the Zimbabwean people, who
are our main concern."The group did meet Saturday with Morgan
Tsvangirai, leader of the majority Movement for Democratic Change and
prime designate of Zimbabwe who said the crisis in his country has
reached unprecedented levels."The crisis in Zimbabwe has
reached catastrophic levels, and we welcome any initiative to try to
highlight this problem so that it can be attended to," said Tsvangirai.
"I appreciate the very senior delegation for their interest, and I want
to thank them for taking their time to meet with us, and hopefully,
hopefully we can all make the collective effort to try to address this
problem." Zimbabwe has had no functioning government since
early this year when parliament was adjourned for elections in March in
which the MDC won a small majority in parliament, and Mr. Tsvangirai
narrowly beat President Robert Mugabe in the presidential race.  It was
not sufficient to avoid a runoff, held in June, but which he did not
contest after widespread state sponsored violence. The downturn
in the economy has steeply accelerated, the official inflation rate was
pegged at 231 million percent in July and the health services have
virtually collapsed.  Some three hundred people have died in a
widespread cholera epidemic currently gripping the country.  Annan
notes Zimbabwe has become a major regional problem also. "Zimbabwean
crisis is a regional problem, not just in Zimbabwe, any crisis that
creates millions of refugees in the neighborhood is regional, and (JUMP
CUT) everyone should be interested in resolving it, so we are talking
to as many stakeholders as possible before we leave the region on
Monday," he said.Mr. Carter said that despite the Zimbabwe
government's allegations, the delegation did not intend to become
embroiled in the politics of Zimbabwe."Our purpose in coming
here was never to be involved in the political issues that have been so
controversial in the establishment of a new government in Zimbabwe, but
only to help with the humanitarian issues, and we'll continue to do
that," he said. Machel, an international rights campaigner,
said that it is the Zimbabwean people who have been forgotten in the
political wrangling."The process in Zimbabwe has been extremely
dominated by the political issue, and the humanitarian crisis, the
voices and faces of the people have not been very much in the map, and
that's what we wanted to do," she said. "But we want the people of
Zimbabwe to know that we care." Meanwhile, in Lima, Peru where
he is attending an APEC summit, President Bush said in spite of the the
Zimbabwe administration's aggressive actions against its own people,
the United States will continue to honor its commitment to provide
emergency humanitarian assistance. He said the United States will also
provide other forms of  assistance pending the formation of a
legitimate government that represents the will of the Zimbabwean
people. 

 


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South Africa's Archbishop Tutu Gets Fulbright Award

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Archbishop honored for lifetime of work for reconciliation among peoples
At State Department ceremonies Friday, South African Anglican Archbishop Desmond Tutu, became the 14th recipient of the U.S. Fulbright Prize for International Understanding. The 77-year-old cleric, a key figure in the struggle against South Africa's apartheid racial system, was honored for a lifetime of work for reconciliation among peoples. VOA's David Gollust reports from the State Department.

Fulbright Association President Suzanne Siskel presents Archbishop Tutu with the Fulbright Prize, 21 Nov 2008Archbishop Tutu received the 1984 Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the drive for racial justice in South Africa. The Fulbright Prize citation honors him for his subsequent work - as chair of South Africa's post-apartheid Truth and Reconciliation Commission, as a crusader against global human rights violations, and work to ease the suffering caused by HIV/AIDS.

The Fulbright Prize has been awarded each year since 1993 to honor the U.S.-sponsored education exchange program named for the late U.S. Senator J. William Fulbright, which has over the years brought more than 300,000 foreign scholars to study in the United States.

The Fulbright awards carry a $50,000 cash prize provided by the Coca-Cola foundation.

The prize to Archbishop Tutu was presented at the State Department ceremony by Coca Cola Company chairman Neville Isdell, a white South African who said the words of Desmond Tutu brought the immoral system of apartheid "to its knees."

"He would have fully earned this honor for his fight against apartheid alone. But of course, he did not stop there," he said. "As chairman of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission, he heard stories of the worst inhumanity. But yet he calmly interrogated, and he emerged from that not with bitterness but with a wonderful sense of forgiveness," said Isdell.

The South African businessman, a student at the time of the anti-apartheid effort, said Archbishop Tutu's greatest achievement may have been preventing a race-based civil war in that country.

In a philosophical acceptance speech, Archbishop Tutu said each person has a capacity for doing both good and evil, but that the world's revulsion for human rights violations in places like Darfur, Burma, Zimbabwe and Gaza shows that evil is not the norm.

Recalling a folk tale about a barnyard chicken that became an eagle, he said every person has the capacity for soaring achievement.

"God says to us: "hey,you're no chicken, you're an eagle. Fly eagle fly. God wants you to shake yourself, spread out your pinions [feathers] and lift off. Lift off and soar towards laughter, joy. Soar towards compassion and caring. Soar towards transcendence and goodness. Fly eagle, fly," said Tutu.

Archbishop Tutu became the second South African to win the Fulbright prize, after the country's former president Nelson Mandela who was the first recipient, in 1993.

Among other winners are former U.S. Presidents Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton and former Finnish President Martti Ahtisaari, winner of this year's Nobel Peace Prize for peacemaking in Namibia, Kosovo and elsewhere.


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Blast in Bangkok Injures 8 Thai Anti-Government Protesters

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Blast occurred near site of similar attack two days ago
An injured anti-government protester is treated by medic men after a bomb attack at the government house compound in Bangkok, Thailand, 22 Nov 2008Thai authorities say a pre-dawn blast has injured at least eight
anti-government protesters in Bangkok near the site of a similar attack
two days ago. Sources in Bangkok say unidentified assailants
on a motorcycle early Saturday threw a grenade at a checkpoint manned
by protesters outside the prime minister's office compound.  Protesters
led by the People's Alliance for Democracy have occupied the compound
for nearly three months.On Thursday, a grenade attack on the
grounds of the compound killed one protester and injured 23 others.  No
one has claimed responsibility for the blast, and protesters have
refused to allow police to enter the compound to investigate the
incident.  PAD leaders blame the government for the attack and
are organizing a mass rally on Sunday to protest what they say are the
government's daily brutal crackdowns.  Prime Minister Somchai Wongsawat
denies the accusations.On Friday, Thailand's main public sector
unions threatened to strike nationwide next week if the country's
current administration does not step down.  The group of unions urged
its nearly 200,000 workers to join an anti-government rally planned for
Sunday in Bangkok.Protesters have been calling for the
administration to step down since they began occupying Thailand's
Government House compound in late August.  They say the current
administration is too close to deposed Prime Minister Thaksin
Shinawatra.  The standoff has paralyzed the government and led to fears it will plunge Thailand into economic chaos.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP and AP.

 


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Tibetan Exiles Agree to Pursue Compromise with China

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Delegates from around world end week-long meeting in Dharamsala, saying they will try to achieve autonomy for region, rather than independence
Special Tibetan meeting in Dharamsala, India, 21 Nov 2008Hundreds of Tibetan exiles meeting in India have agreed to keep
following the Dalai Lama's path of compromise in negotiations with
China.Six hundred Tibetan delegates from around the world ended
a week-long meeting in the town of Dharamsala Saturday, saying they
will try to achieve autonomy for the region, rather than independence
from China.Speaker of the parliament in exile, Karma Chophel,
said a majority of participants at the meeting favor a continuation of
the present middle-way approach.However, deputy speaker Doma
Jyari said if China does not respond positively to Tibetan demands for
meaningful autonomy, the Tibetans will pursue "complete independence."The
Dalai Lama, Tibet's spiritual leader in exile, has long sought what has
been called "the middle way" for the remote Himalayan region.Some
Tibetan exiles say his approach has failed, and that it should now be
replaced by a more aggressive pro-independence stance.On
Friday, the Chinese government accused the Nobel Peace laureate of a
covert campaign to secure Tibet's independence from China.Earlier
this week, the prime minister of Tibet's government-in-exile Samdhong
Rinpoche said demands for Tibetan independence from China could replace
requests for greater autonomy for the region.China took control
over Tibet in 1951.  The Dalai Lama fled in 1959 and resettled in
Dharamsala after a failed uprising against Chinese communist rule.

 


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Muslim Religious Leaders in Australia Blamed for Not Protecting Women

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Leaders in state of Victoria accused of condoning rape within marriage, domestic violence and polygamy according to new report on training of imams
Some Muslim religious leaders in the Australian state of Victoria have
been accused of condoning rape within marriage, domestic violence and
polygamy according to a new report on the training of imams.  From
Sydney, Phil Mercer reports.Research by the Islamic Womens'
Welfare Council of Victoria has found evidence that imams encouraged
women to drop complaints of domestic violence or to abandon divorce
proceedings when they had gone to their religious leaders for advice.There are allegations too that imams also condoned welfare fraud, under-age marriages and the exploitation of women. The
report's authors say Friday these problems mean that vulnerable women
are not getting the help they need from their spiritual advisers and
believe that a lack of training and regulation for imams is to blame. Other
community workers say these issues are not a reflection of the wider
Muslim community in Australia and that the report has highlighted
extreme cases. Despite such reservation, Sherene Hassan from
the Islamic Council of Victoria says that some religious teachers do
need to change their behavior. "Obviously there are imams who
have mishandled situations and they have been ill-equipped to deal with
situations, so obviously we will be looking at strategies to, you know,
improve their capacity to deal with these situations and to re-educate
them," she said.   Australia's imams were usually born overseas
and they have often been criticized for their poor grasp of English and
a lack of understanding of Australian culture. The Mufti of
Australia, Sheikh Fehmi Naji El-Imam, has rejected the report.  He has
insisted that no official imam would condone polygamous relationships
and would not ignore a woman's rights either in marriage or divorce. 
The leader of Australia's Muslims also said that qualified religious
instructors would not deliberately overlook domestic violence. Australia's
Islamic community numbers about 350,000.  Its members have come from
dozens of countries, including Iraq, Afghanistan, Somali, Bosnia and
the Middle East. 

 


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More Than 30 Years After His Death, Elvis Presley Remains A Big Star

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Elvis Presley is at the top of Forbes magazine's list of dead celebrities with the biggest earnings
For the second year in a row, Elvis Presley is at the top of Forbes magazine's list of dead celebrities with the biggest earnings. Presley, who died in August, 1977, made $52 million last year.There are a number of things that contribute to his continuing popularity and one of them is his status as the world's first rock star. VOA's Greg Flakus has more in this report from Elvis' hometown of Memphis, Tennessee.

Photo of Elvis in 1956 on wall at Sun Studios in Memphis, TNThe song "That's All Right, Mama" launched the career of the world's first rock star. Elvis Presley recorded the song in the Memphis Recording Studio run by Sam Phillips on July 5, 1954. It was one of the most important moments in Rock and Roll history.

The song was written and originally recorded by an African-American singer named Arthur "Big Boy" Crudup.

Elvis took the feel of this Rhythm and Blues song and combined it with a Country and Gospel style of singing that forever changed the music world.

Visitors from around the world come to Memphis to visit Elvis Presley's home, called Graceland, and to stand in the small studio where he made his first recordings, most of which were released under the Sun Records label created by Phillips in the mid-1950s.

Jane White, Sun Studios tour guideSun Studios tour guide Jane White, 25, had not even been born yet when Elvis died, but she knows his role in creating the music she and her friends love . "My generation looks at it as the guy who started it all, pretty much… There would not be any American music at all if it were not for Rhythm and Blues and Country music."

She says most contemporary rock stars have great reverence for the studio where Elvis made his first recordings. She says Bob Dylan came there once and kissed the floor where Elvis once stood. Jane White says she senses the historic importance of the studio every time she enters it. "I work in there everyday and every time when I am telling the story I get chills, I can't help it."

Some black artists have criticized Elvis Presley for taking a style of music developed by African-Americans and making it his own. But that view is countered by many of the black performers who were around in the 1950s, when the South and even some other parts of the country were racially segregated. Some of them credit Presley for helping to break down racial barriers by opening the way for their music.

Jim Browder at Elvis home, Tupelo, MissElvis came from a poor family, living his first 13 years in a small house in Tupelo, Mississippi, close by a black neighborhood. Memphis-based tour guide Jim Browder says the young Elvis was friendly with everyone. "Elvis did not see color. He treated everybody equal."

Browder says Elvis started down his musical path of discovery by visiting nearby black neighborhoods to hear their gospel singers. "He would sneak off and go over to the black churches and listen to the music and he really liked the beat."

Ted Ownby, Univ. of MississippiTed Ownby teaches Southern Culture at the University of Mississippi. He says Presley's appeal also has to do with people's desire to connect with the energy of youth. "For an awful lot of people, Elvis represents a connection, through music and his life, too, represents some kind of connection to that excitement, the excitement of rebellion or good music or good times or reflecting on some of the deepest emotions that they have had."

Ownby says the tragic end for the King of Rock and Roll also added an element of lost promise to his story that has, at times, taken on religious overtones. Drug addicted and overweight, Elvis Presley died at the age of 42, leaving his grieving fans with nothing more than his records and movies to remember him by.

Although there have been many imitators, the real Elvis Presley continues to thrill people today and he is appreciated by a whole new generation of rock fans. This month, a photo of Elvis taken in the mid-1950's graces the cover of the Rock music magazine "Rolling Stone."

 


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