Thursday 30 October 2008

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New Report Indicates US Recession

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US Department of Commerce information shows sharp change in Gross Domestic Product, consumer spending
An ice sculpture entitled 'Main Street Meltdown,' in New York, 29 Oct 2008A new report says the U.S. economy shrank between July and September in the third quarter - an indication of a recession in the United States.The U.S. Commerce Department says Thursday, the country's Gross Domestic Product, GDP, -- the value of all the goods and services produced in the U.S. -- fell by three-tenths of a percent.That is the sharpest contraction in seven years and a big change from the previous three-month period when the GDP grew by 2.8 percent.  It also comes as consumer spending -- a main driver of the U.S. economy -- fell for the first time in about two decades.  Business investment also declined. A recession is technically defined as two consecutive three-month periods when the economy shrinks.  But a growing number of economists say other statistics, including unemployment figures, show the U.S. is already in a recession.Also Thursday, a report by the U.S. Labor Department says the number of Americans who are getting unemployment aid rose to more than 3.7 million, close to a five-year-high.U.S. stocks rose sharply after the GDP figures were published, perhaps because investors were expecting the report to be even worse.  European stock prices also made strong gains.  Before the latest economic reports, Asian stock markets soared, with key indexes in Japan and Hong Kong gaining 10 percent or more. The GDP figure comes just one day after the U.S. Federal Reserve (the U.S. central bank) cut its key interest rate by one-half of one percent in an effort to encourage lending and boost the economy.Other countries also have been cutting interest rates and taking other actions.Earlier, Japan unveiled a nearly $300 billion economic stimulus package.  Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso says it includes tax cuts and loans to help small businesses.And a leading German politician tells a German newspaper the government is preparing to introduce a range of measures -- worth billions of dollars -- to bolster the economy.

 

 

Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters. 


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Serial Bomb Blasts Rock India's Assam State

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Government confirms at least 12 separate blasts, 50 people killed; ULFA militant separatist group denies involvement
Serial bomb blasts have rocked the Indian state, Assam, with most of the explosions taking place in crowded markets.  India's government confirms at least 12 separate blasts, with police saying around 50 people have died and several hundred have been wounded.  VOA Correspondent Steve Herman reports from the Indian capital, New Delhi.People carry a seriously wounded man near a blast site in Guwahati, India, 30 Oct 2008Coordinated explosions rocked crowded outdoor food markets throughout Assam within a short period just before midday Thursday. One of the injured survivors, S.K. Dutta, told News Live television in Guwahati he was on his way to buy vegetables when he was hit by one of the blasts.  Dutta, speaking with his nose bandaged, says after the explosion panicking shoppers and merchants ran away as fires broke out.   At least five of the blasts took place in Guwahati, the state's population center - where, as the smoke cleared and the extent of the devastation became evident - mobs turned on police and rescue workers.  Government vehicles and ambulances were pelted with stones and overturned.  Fire trucks were also attacked by those apparently angry with the belated arrival on the scene by authorities.  Although Assam has been beset by separatist violence for decades, the serial bomb blasts are regarded as the worst terrorist attack in memory to strike India's multi-ethnic northeast. One of the explosions took place only a few-hundred meters from the building housing the state's top elected officials. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was quick to condemn the attacks, blaming "divisive powers" who want to break up the country.  He is calling for a united effort by the people of India to fight terrorism.India's Home Secretary Madhukar Gupta says investigators are being sent to Assam to examine the explosive materials in hope of identifying who is responsible for the attacks. A dead body is taken in a police vehicle after a blast in Gauhati, India, 30 Oct 2008"In Assam there are several different groups who have been involved in one way or the other in terrorist or insurgent-type of activities," Gupta said.  "So, at this point in time, I would not like to speculate or point to any particular group which might be involved in this."  Other politicians were willing to name suspects.  Some direct suspicion on the state's most infamous militant separatist group, the United Liberation Front of Asom, known as ULFA.  But it had been believed ULFA was seriously weakened after recent counter-insurgency operations by India's military.Indian media say ULFA has issued a statement denying involvement in the blasts. India's top opposition leader, L.K. Advani of the Bharatiya Janata Party, blames the governing alliance, led by the Congress Party, for failing to prevent a series of terrorist bomb blasts this year in the country.   Advani says illegal migrants from Bangladesh and their masters are likely responsible for the attacks in Assam.  Assam, with a population of 26 million and an agrarian economy, is best known for tea and silk.  But the eastern Himalayan state is beset by poverty and competition between migrants, including those from Bangladesh, and local people.  It has been wracked by separatist violence for decades.  Last month, clashes in Assam between indigenous tribes and Muslim settlers left nearly 50 people dead.  Two other northeastern states were hit by bomb blasts in the past month. Since India's independence in 1947, tens of thousands have died in separatist violence throughout the northeast.   


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Overnight Looting, Killings Reported in Congolese City

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Residents of eastern city of Goma say troops retreating from rebel advance looted, killed and raped women in city
Mourners cry near the bodies of two women allegedly killed last night by a group of Congolese soldiers after looting their house in the Katindo neighborhood of Goma, 30 Oct 2008Residents of the eastern city of Goma in the Democratic Republic of
Congo say troops retreating from a rebel advance looted, killed and
raped women in the city early Thursday.At least five people were reported killed in the city.The
violence came after rebels declared a ceasefire Wednesday with
government forces and U.N. peacekeepers. The rebels are currently just
outside the city.Congolese army Colonel Jonas Padiri says his forces and U.N. peacekeepers are patrolling the city Thursday. Rebel leader General Laurent Nkunda said he is ready to hold talks with the Congolese government.Peacekeepers
used combat helicopters to slow the rebel offensive which began
Sunday.  Thousands of displaced people, including some Congolese
soldiers, rushed in and out of Goma trying to find safety.   The United States and European Union have dispatched top envoys to the Congo capital, Kinshasa. Nkunda told VOA earlier that he declared the ceasefire to avoid panicking the population in Goma. In
New York, U.N. Secretary-General Ban ki-Moon said the fighting has
created a humanitarian crisis of catastrophic dimensions. The Security
Council unanimously condemned the rebel offensive during an emergency
meeting late Wednesday. On Tuesday, the head of the U.N.
mission in Congo, Alan Doss, said peacekeepers would defend Goma.  But
he added that his troops are stretched to the limit.Authorities
in Kinshasa suggested a new multinational force could help as well. 
France's foreign affairs minister Bernard Kouchner suggested sending in
a European peacekeeping mission, though, he says several EU nations are
opposed to the idea. North Kivu province has been racked by
continuous violence despite the end of Congo's regional war in 2003,
and new peace deals to end the fighting in the east.Rebels say
they are defending ethnic Tutsis against ethnic Hutu fighters from
Rwanda's genocide they say are backed by Congo's army, which the
government denies.Congolese authorities have accused neighboring Rwanda of backing Nkunda.  Both countries also have accused each other's armies of crossing the border and firing at each other during the recent clashes.

Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters. 

 


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Pakistan Quake Survivors Bury Dead, Brace For Winter

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Rescue workers still trying to determine extent of damage in rugged, mountainous area of Baluchistan Province
Rescue efforts continue in southwest Pakistan, where the official death toll from Wednesday's magnitude 6.4 earthquake reached 215. VOA's Barry Newhouse reports from Islamabad that providing shelter for homeless families is now a top priority.Rescue workers are still trying to determine the extent of the damage in the rugged, mountainous area of Baluchistan Province, but say it appears as many as 5,000 homes were either collapsed or severely damaged by the tremor. Non-government organizations say the actual death toll is probably around 400, but the official tally is lower because remote villages and quick burials make counting difficult.Pakistani people warm themselves next to their tents after an earthquake in Ziarat, about 130 kilometers (81 miles) south of Quetta, Pakistan, 30 Oct 2008Military spokesman General Salim Nawaz says rescue efforts are going smoothly and most of the dead have been buried. He says there are no reports Thursday of locating survivors buried under wreckage. Baluchistan's governor, Nawab Zulfiqar Magsi, told reporters that the main focus now is taking care of survivors. He says it is really cold here and we need blankets, clothes and tents. He says it will take time to rebuild destroyed homes.Residents in the area build their own houses using mud, wood and grass. They say cold weather makes construction nearly impossible during the winter and they will have to wait until March to rebuild. For now, aid organizations and Pakistan's military say they have provided about 4,000 winterized tents for families, but some have yet to reach remote areas. Hassan Moazam is the country director for the international aid group Care. He says he visited a village called Wom near the epicenter."That place is very remote and very cold. I was there during the evening time and at night the temperature goes sub-zero," he said. "Especially the women and young children, they were all sitting under open skies, so it is quite a challenge for these families to survive under open skies without any shelter."Moazam says the scope of the damage is much less than the devastating 2005 earthquake in northeast Pakistan that killed about 80,000 people. But he says non-government aid groups are still assessing the extent of the damage and will issue a report on Friday.


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Taliban Claims Responsibility for Kabul Suicide Bomb

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Militants say attack targeted foreign advisers inside Information and Culture Ministry; at least 20 wounded in blast
A Taliban suicide bomber attacked Afghanistan's Information Ministry building in Kabul, killing five people and wounding more than 20.  Ayaz Gul reports for VOA from Islamabad. Scene of suicide bombing in Kabul, 30 Oct 2008Witnesses are reported as saying that at least three militants stormed the ministry building in the center of the Afghan capital.  One of them, they say, blew himself up while his companions opened fire on security guards before entering the building. Kabul's Deputy Police chief Ali Shah Amadzai, told reporters that a woman was among those killed in the attack.  He says that the explosion occurred inside a conference room of the information ministry and the attack is under investigation. The powerful explosion badly damaged the building with broken glass and office equipment scattered among the rubble. Taliban insurgents immediately claimed responsibility, saying foreign advisors in the ministry were its target. A statement from President Hamid Karzai condemns the attackers as "enemies of Afghanistan" who want to block peace efforts. Taliban militants have carried out a number of high-profile attacks in the Afghan capital and have intensified insurgent activities across the country this year. In July, a powerful suicide car bombing outside the Indian embassy in Kabul killed 60 people, including two Indian diplomats. The attack on the information ministry occurred despite President Karzai's repeated peace overtures to the Taliban.  Earlier this week, Afghan and Pakistani politicians, along with tribal elders, met in Islamabad and agreed to establish contacts with Taliban fighters in an effort to end violence in both countries.  The Taliban has ruled out talks until U.S-led foreign troops leave Afghanistan.


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Clinton Joins Obama Campaign

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After weeks of campaigning on behalf of Senator Barack Obama, former President Bill Clinton finally shares stage with Democratic candidate, at event in central Florida
Former President Bill Clinton made his first campaign appearance alongside Democratic candidate Barack Obama, during a campaign stop in Florida. Both Obama and the Republican contender, John McCain, are making late drives to win Florida, which will be a key state to win on Election Day next week. VOA's Brian Wagner reports from Miami.Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Barack Obama, After weeks of campaigning on behalf of Senator Obama, former President Clinton finally shared the stage with the Democratic candidate, at an event in central Florida."It is so important for you to do what you can to make sure Florida is in the Obama column next Tuesday night," said Mr. Clinton.Clinton praised Obama's proposals for energy and health care changes and said he is better qualified to tackle the nation's economic problems than McCain. The former president also drew comparisons between the Illinois senator and himself, saying Obama shares many of the same priorities he held while in the White House. Obama says the nation needs to break with the current agenda in the White House."We can't have four more years just like the last eight that we have had," Obama said. "It is time for the kind of peace and prosperity that we saw in the 1990's."With less than a week until Election Day, the Obama and McCain campaigns are making late pitches to voters in key states like Florida and elsewhere. Obama took advantage of his strong fundraising efforts to pay for a half-hour slot on several major television networks, late Wednesday. The advertisement was aired during prime time around the country and cost more than three-million dollars."In six days we can choose an economy that rewards work and creates jobs and fuels prosperity, starting with the middle class," he said.The program highlighted Obama's focus on economic and social spending changes that Democrats say aim to benefit many average Americans."I believe we need to usher in a new era of responsibility," Obama added. "Families are tightening their belts and so should Washington."Obama says he has planned spending cuts that would generate a budget surplus, even with new energy, economic and other initiatives he has proposed. The Democratic senator is disputing Republican claims that he will increase government spending and raise taxes to pay for it.Also Wednesday, McCain attacked Obama for his lack of foreign policy experience."Terrorists are still plotting new strikes across the world," said McCain. "Millions of innocent lives are still at stake, including American lives."McCain held two rallies in Florida, which is likely to be a key state on Election Day. President Bush carried the state in both of his election victories. But the latest opinion polls give Obama a narrow lead over McCain.The Arizona senator is hoping that his defense and foreign policy experience will win over voters."Barack Obama has displayed some impressive qualities," he said. "But the question is whether this is a man who has what it takes to protect the United States from Osama bin Laden, al-Qaida and other grave threats in the world."McCain and other Republican leaders are responding to recent projections that suggest Democrats may win the White House, as well as the Senate and House in Tuesday's election. The last time one party took control of the government was when Republicans claimed victory in the 2002 election. McCain says a Democratic sweep would bring dramatic changes."Raising taxes and unilaterally renegotiating trade agreements, as they [Democrats] have promised, will make a bad economy even worse and undermine out national security - even as they slash defense spending," said McCain.The latest national public opinion surveys show Obama ahead of McCain by an average of six points. The presidential race is decided by a state-by-state tally of electoral votes. The winning candidate must win at least 270 electoral votes out of 538.


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Thousands of Syrians Protest US Raid

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Armed Syrian riot police protect US Embassy in Damascus as tens of thousands of people demonstrate against American raid that targeted al-Qaida weapons smuggler
The Syrian government appears to have mobilized tens of thousands of people, busing them in to Damascus from far-flung corners of the country.  They were demonstrating against an American raid in eastern Syria,  which the United States says targeted and killed a top al-Qaida operative.  Edward Yeranian reports for VOA from Cairo.Syrian protesters gather at Youssef al-Azmi square during demonstration against US raid on village near Syrian-Iraqi border last Monday, in Damascus, 30 Oct 2008Syrian government television showed images of tens of thousands of demonstrators, waving banners and shouting slogans in support of President Bashar al Assad, in what appeared to be a mostly peaceful, government-sponsored protest of a raid in eastern Syria, widely believed to be conducted by the United States. The United States has not formally acknowledged involvement.The American Embassy in Damascus was closed, for safety reasons.  Hundreds of armed Syrian riot police surrounded the building to keep demonstrators away.  The U.S. Cultural Center, as well as the American Community School were also closed for the day.Syria's official news agency, SANA, quotes Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal al Miqdad as saying that Damascus is awaiting official explanation from the United States and Iraqi governments on what he calls an unacceptable violation of Syrian sovereignty.Unconfirmed reports say that Damascus has asked the United States to close its embassy, the U.S. Cultural Center and the American School by next week.Abeer al-Ahmadi, spokeswoman for the Syrian Information Ministry, was curt and to the point in describing the situation in a phone interview.She says the demonstration is evidence of the Syrian people's anger at the United States.A elderly Syrian man, claiming to represent the Farmer's Union, gave glowing praise to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.He says Syrians would willingly sacrifice their souls, their blood and their children for President Assad.A older woman with white hair, insisting that she represents all Syrian women, also denounced the weekend raid.She decries what she calls American criminal actions against Syria, the Palestinians and Iraq.A large banner was unfurled in Damascus' Youssef al Azmi Square, proclaiming that the United States must be held accountable for its actions.

 


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Indonesia Approves Controversial  Anti-Pornography Law

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Critics argue legal document could be used against minority Christian and Hindu populations and threatens nation's tradition of tolerance and diversity
Indonesia's parliament passed a controversial anti-pornography bill which critics argue could be used against the country's minority Christian and Hindu populations and threatens the nation's tradition of tolerance and diversity. VOA correspondent Nancy-Amelia Collins has more from Jakarta.Muslim protesters shout anti-pornography slogans during a rally outside the parliament in Jakarta, Indonesia, Wednesday, 29 Oct. 2008To shouts of "Alhamdulillah" , meaning "thanks be to God" Indonesian lawmakers passed into law Thursday an anti-pornography bill which Islamist parties say is needed to save the country from immoral behavior.The bill was first introduced in 1999 and has gone through numerous revisions amid controversyover what defines pornography.Just recently the law was revised to allow women to wear bikinis at tourist resorts.The new law outlaws pornographic acts and the dissemination of sexual images. Those who break the law face up to 12 years in prison.The bill was pushed by a small group of Islamist parties who say it is needed to protect the young and raise society's moral standards.Two opposition parties, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle and the Christian Prosperous and Peace Party walked out in protest when parliament passed the bill into law.Legislator Nursjahbani Katjasungkana from the National Awakening Party says the passage of the bill may give the small but very vocal Islamic fundamentalist groups license to launch attacks, called sweepings here, on women they deem dressed inappropriately, or TV stations running "sexy" ads. "The first fear is encroachment of the fundamentalist groups and so on because they perceive this law as tool for them to do a sweeping and so on," Nursjahbani said.  The bill has also been condemned by the country's minority Christians and Hindus as well as some tribal groups who say the law is too vague and could be used against them by Muslim hardliners.Legislator Nursjahbani says she does not believe the law will be effective in curbing pornography. "I don't think this law can be effective in the education of porn," Nursjahbani said.  "The essence of pornography is about the message against violence, domination, and conquest. But in this definition in this law - I don't think that the message is delivered." Indonesia has the world's largest population of Muslims. It is a secular and democratic nation that recognizes other religions and has a long tradition of tolerance and diversity.  


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Cambodian Garbage Scavengers Face Deadly Health Risks

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Some 2,000 workers, including about 600 children, sift through garbage at Steung Meanchey landfill; government plans to close site
In countries around the world, hundreds of thousands of poor people face daily hazards to earn meager livings by scavenging for recyclable goods. In Cambodia, hundreds of scavenger families find their lives changing - they will lose their homes and livelihoods when the government closes the dump where they work. Rory Byrne has this report from Phnom Penh.Steung Meanchey dump on outskirts of Phnom Penh Officially, it is the Steung Meanchey landfill site, but those who live here call it Smokey Mountain.Steung Meanchey dump is a seven-hectare mountain of smoking garbage on the outskirts of the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. Here some 2,000 workers, including about 600 children, sift through 700 tons of garbage a day.In developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, garbage scavengers are among the poorest workers. In Cambodia, they typically earn about one dollar a day.Ten-year-old Ya has been recycling bottles and cans at the dump for three years.            For children like Ya, going to school remains a distant dream He says the situation here is terrible. He has to get up very early to work and finishes late in the evening. Ya says his life is very difficult. Collecting garbage brings him less than $1 a day which is not nearly enough to cover his expenses.Most of the scavengers live in wooden shacks around the dump. There is no access to clean water or sanitation and epidemics are commonplace.The risks here are high. Sharp-edged metals and broken glass leave nasty wounds. And garbage scavengers suffer high rates of serious diseases, such as hepatitis, tuberculosis and even AIDS. A number of scavengers have been killed or seriously injured when they were run over by garbage trucks.             Sok Kanhha has been working at dump for more than five yearsShe says it is very dangerous to work here - people can step on metal shards or nails for example or get hit and crushed by the dump trucks. She says she has injured herself with many things, like old needles.Annette Jensen is the director of A New Day, a charity that provides free food, shelter and schooling to more than 100 children from Steung Meanchey dump. "To see the children miserable, dirty, sad looking at the garbage dump and then have them arrive with their little plastic bag with all their belongings and move into the center. And to see their excitement about taking a shower. To see their excitement about getting their little bag of shampoo. And to see them clean, putting on their school uniform and going to school has just been amazing," says Jensen.Annette Jensen, director of A New DayBut most of those working on Cambodia's landfills are not so lucky, and for children like Ya, going to school remains a distant dream, Ya has he would go to school if he could stop working at the dump. He says he wants to go to school but cannot because his family is so poor.Ya and his family now face a new challenge: the government plans to close Steung Meanchey and relocate the 535 families living there to land about 50 kilometers south of Phnom Penh. The government will let them have tiny plots on which to build new homes. An official in charge of the project notes the location is near Udong Mountain, a tourist site, so that there are jobs available in the region. And he says, families are not being forced to move, but most are volunteering. Still, no families have left so far. Many scavengers say they will be happy to leave the dump, but they are worried that they will not be able to make a living because the relocation camp is too far away from the city.


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Phillies Win World Series

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Philadelphia edges Tampa Bay Rays 4-3 in game that had been suspended Monday night because of rain
The Philadelphia Phillies are the 2008 World Series baseball champions, after beating the Tampa Bay Rays, 4-3, in a game that had been suspended Monday night because of rain.  VOA Sports Editor Parke Brewer was at the clinching game Wednesday night in Philadelphia and has a report.   Philadelphia Phillies hold up the World Series trophy after winning Game 5 in Philadelphia, 29 Oct 2008The Philadelphia Phillies of the National League have won the best-of-seven World Series against the American League's Tampa Bay Rays, four games to one.To do it, the Phillies prevailed in the first suspended game in World Series history.  For the home fans it was surely worth the wait.With terrible rain and wind, Game 5 had been stopped in the middle of the sixth inning, Monday night,with the Phillies and Tampa Bay Rays tied at 2-all.When play resumed Wednesday night, Philadelphia got a go-ahead run in their half of the sixth inning.  But the Rays came right back to tie it at 3-all, on a solo home run by Rocco Baldelli in the top of the seventh.The Phillies took the lead for good in their half of the seventh, with third baseman Pedro Feliz knocking in the winning run with a single, after a double by outfielder Pat Burrell. Phillies star closing pitcher Brad Lidge got the final three outs in the ninth inning for the save, an amazing 48th save in 48 chances this season.Cole Hamels, left, and Charlie Manual talk to reporters after the game, 29 Oct 2008Starting pitcher Cole Hamels, who won game onr and pitcher the first six innings of this Game 5, Monday night, was named World Series Most Valuable Player."I'm definitely going to have to enjoy this moment, because there are a lot of times you don't have everything go your way," Hamels said. "Obviously, I was fortunate enough to be on the good end of these victories and winning a trophy.  But truly it was the teammates behind me that really helped me through these times, and they're the ones that scored the runs."Phillies manager Charlie Manual explained what the World Series championship means to him."It means everything to me," he said.  "It means like, you know what?  You see people in baseball, for instance, if you see people and they have a [World Series] ring on.  Everybody always wants to see the ring but not only that the symbol is that you're a winner.  Once you won a World Series you became a winner.  In baseball, when someone asks me what I want to be known as, I want to be known as a winner."Phillies fans hold sign during gameFor the Tampa Bay Rays, even though they lost the World Series, this season was a major achievement.  The franchise has only been in existence since 1998 and, until this season, the Rays had never even had a winning year, finishing last in their division nine of the 10 previous seasons before this one, when they beat out the 2007 champion Boston Red Sox for first place.Rays Manager Joe Maddon was gracious in defeat."Very few people in this country, or even throughout the baseball world, thought that we'd get to this point would have even guessed that we could get here," Maddon said.  "I'm very proud of our guys, as a group.  Really a truly remarkable job.  We made a powerful statement.  It's just the beginning."Maddon added he knows his players will have a burning desire to try to win World Series next year.Enthusiastic Dave Strouse cheers after Phillies win World SeriesFor the Phillies it was only their second baseball championship in more than 100 years of existence.  Their only other World Series title came in 1980 and, for fans like Dave Strouse, it was great joy."This is it!!!  We've been waiting for 28 years for the Philadelphia Phillies to do this, man!  It is absolutely awesome!  I can't tell you!" he exclaimed. "We came four-and a-half hours for this game for three-and-a-half innings.  It's awesome!  It's awesome!!"The city's mayor announced that the Phillies will be honored with a big parade, on Friday.


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Strong Aftershock Rocks Pakistan Following Earthquake

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At least 160 killed, thousands homeless following 6.4 magnitude tremor centered around Ziarat tourist district
Family members stand near man who was injured in earthquake, at local hospital in Quetta, 29 Oct 2008A strong aftershock has shaken southwestern Pakistan, about 12 hours after a major earthquake in the region killed at least 160 people and left many others buried under rubble.The U.S. Geological Survey says the 6.2 magnitude aftershock struck Pakistan's Baluchistan province Wednesday afternoon local time. There were no immediate reports of casualties or damage from the tremor.A stronger, 6.4 magnitude quake hit the same region near Pakistan's border with Afghanistan before dawn Wednesday. Its epicenter was in Ziarat, a mountainous district and major tourist site.The quake destroyed mud homes and triggered landslides in several villages as people slept. Officials say at least 160 bodies have been recovered from the rubble, and they expect the figure to rise.Officials estimate that at least 12,000 people have been left homeless. Panic-stricken survivors gathered in the chilly weather to wait for assistance. Pakistan's military says it is sending tents and field hospitals to the affected areas.Fatalities also were reported in Baluchistan's Pishin district.A strong earthquake hit northwestern Pakistan in October of 2005, killing nearly 75,000 people.

 

Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters.


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Central Banks to Cut Interest Rates

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Move intended to boost economy by making it cheaper to borrow money
Top economic officials in many nations are in the process of cutting interest rates to stimulate the battered global economy.  Officers of the U.S. Federal Reserve stand watch in front of the Fed building in Washington, D.C., 29 Oct 2008The U.S. central bank is widely expected to cut its key interest rate by half a percent later Wednesday.  China's central bank has just cut interest rates, and the European Central Bank is likely to slash rates next week. The cuts are intended to boost economies by making it cheaper to borrow money to buy the things needed to expand businesses, build homes, and create jobs. Some investors cheered the latest in a long series of efforts to head off a global recession.Stock prices surged in Tokyo, London and Paris.  Stocks made modest gains in Hong Kong, but declined in Germany.  U.S. stocks declined in the first moments of Wednesday's trading after posting huge gains on Tuesday.

 

 

Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters.


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Economy Remains Focus in Final Days of US Election Campaign

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Both candidates focus on small group of states that hold key to victory on November 4
The longest presidential election campaign in U.S. history is in its final week, and Democrat Barack Obama continues to hold a lead in the polls over Republican John McCain.  Both candidates are focused on the economy in the final days of the campaign, and on a small group of states that hold the key to victory on November 4.  VOA national correspondent Jim Malone reports from Washington.Senator Barack Obama leads Senator McCain by an average of seven points in the national polls.  More importantly, Obama is seen as leading in the state-by-state electoral vote tally that determines who will be the next president.Republican presidential candidate Sen. John McCain urges his supporters to "stand up and fight" at the conclusion of his campaign rally in Hershey, Pennsylvania, 28 Oct 2008 But McCain remains undaunted by the long electoral odds in the final week of the campaign.  He spoke to a rally in Hershey, Pennsylvania."I have fought for you most of my life, and in places where defeat meant more than returning to the Senate," said McCain. "There are other ways to love this country, but I have never been the kind to back down when the stakes are high."In the final days of the campaign, McCain is hammering Obama's tax proposals as a thinly disguised Democratic effort to redistribute wealth from rich to poor."There is nothing fair about driving our economy into the ground," he said.  "We all suffer when that happens.  And that is the problem with Senator Obama's approach to our economy.  He is more interested in controlling wealth than creating it."Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Barack Obama, waves to supporters at a rally in the rain at Widener University Main Quad in Chester, Pennsylvania, 28 Oct 2008Democrat Obama also campaigned in Pennsylvania in the rain at an outdoor rally near Philadelphia.At each stop, Obama urges his supporters to get out and vote early if they can, warning against the complacency of enjoying a lead in the polls."And that is why in this last week that we cannot afford to slow down or to sit back or to let up, whether it is rain or sleet or snow," he said. "We are going to go out and we are going to vote because there is too much at stake!"Obama was quick to fire back at McCain over taxes, predicting corporations and the wealthy would benefit under McCain's tax plan.As Obama makes his final argument to voters this week, he emphasizes the themes of change and unity.  But Obama never misses an opportunity to try to tie Senator McCain to the economic record of the Bush administration."John McCain has ridden shotgun [offered protection] as George Bush has driven our economy towards a cliff, and now he wants to take the wheel and step on the gas," he said. "They are trying to throw everything at me in these last seven days.  But you know what?  It is not going to work.  Not this time.  Not now.  Because the fact that all of you are here today shows how badly you want change, shows how committed you are!"Recent polls give Obama a lead in Pennsylvania of between eight and 13 points.Political experts say McCain is likely to fare better in trying to win traditional Republican states that are surprisingly competitive this year, states like Virginia, North Carolina, and Indiana.In the final week of the campaign, Obama appears to have a huge edge over McCain in the areas of fundraising, television ads, and organization.Stephen Hess is a presidential scholar at the Brookings Institution in Washington. "Almost a flawless campaign in terms of raising money and having troops [staff and volunteers] on the ground in a sense, he is just overwhelming his opposition," he said.Both candidates are focused on a relatively small handful of states that are competitive for both campaigns and hold the balance of votes needed for the winning candidate to accumulate the 270 electoral votes necessary to win the White House next Tuesday.   

 


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US Hispanic Voters Favor Obama, But Turnout Will Be Key

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Hispanics compose fastest-growing ethnic minority in US, numbering more than 44 million people, but represent only about nine percent of total electorate
Hispanics compose the fastest-growing ethnic minority in the United States.  They number more than 44 million people, but represent only about nine percent of the total electorate. Many Hispanic residents are not U.S. citizens and a large percentage of those who are citizens are younger than the minimum voting age. As VOA's Greg Flakus reports from Houston, Texas, surveys of potential Hispanic voters indicate strong support for Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama.  But the impact of this group will be determined by the number of voters who go the polls on November 4.In heavily Hispanic areas around Houston, the top issues include the economy, health care and immigration.  Undocumented workers cannot legally vote and the few who are willing to speak to reporters express little interest in U.S. politics.But some Hispanics who are citizens are concerned about the status of these illegal immigrants. Sen. Barack Obama, 22 Sept. 2008One young man says the most important issue is immigration reform because of the difficulties faced by undocumented workers who are part of the Latino community here.The candidate many Hispanics favor is Barack Obama.  However, most Hispanics are very religious and Obama's support for abortion rights troubles some, like this woman."One thing I don't like about Obama is that he is for abortion and stuff like that," she said.But across the nation, Hispanics are supporting Obama by a nearly two-to-one margin.  Republican John McCain is having a hard time selling himself with these voters in spite of his co-sponsorship of an immigration reform bill two years ago that would have offered legal status to hundreds of thousands of undocumented workers. Gabriel SanchezPart of the problem, according to University of New Mexico political scientist Gabriel Sanchez, is that McCain responded to critics within his own party by hardening his position on immigration."In order to get through in the Republican primaries, he had to change his stance on an issue like immigration," he said. "And, unfortunately, for those Hispanics out there who care about immigration, those folks are moving back towards the Democratic party."But Sanchez says immigration has taken a back seat to the economy in this election and that there is no single issue that sets Hispanics apart from other voters."A lot of people make the assumption that Hispanic voters, nationally or here in New Mexico, vote based on ethnicity and that simply is not the case," he said. "Hispanics are like everybody else out there.  They are going to take a look at the issues that are important to them at the time and try to match that up to the candidates' stances on the issues."But one factor that has limited the impact of the Hispanic vote in past elections is that the number of Hispanics who are eligible to vote is often much higher than the number who actually turn out at the polls.In an effort to get out the Latino vote across the country, the National Association of Latino Elected and Appointed Officials has set up a non-partisan voter information hotline in Los Angeles.  People from around the United States can call a special toll-free number and ask questions - in English or Spanish - about matters such as where to register, where to vote and where to get more information on the candidates.Eric Wagner"The goal here is to help the Latino electorate get the information they need in order to participate on election day," says Eric Wagner, the association's spokesman.  He says the Hispanic vote this year will likely exceed nine percent - up from around 8.5 percent four years ago.  He says the influence of Hispanic voters in this year's presidential election will be especially evident in key, closely contested states."We know that the Latino vote will make the difference in those swing states, particularly in the West, whether in New Mexico, Colorado, Florida," Wagner says. "We know that the Latino vote will decide the election in those key swing states that have traditionally been close, where we have seen a huge spike in the number of registered Latino voters."Political experts are closely monitoring the impact of Hispanic voters this year, knowing that the rapid growth of the Hispanic population could increase the political influence of this ethnic group even more in future elections.  


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Pro-Democracy Activist Wins Presidential Election in Maldives, Defeating Asia's Longest-Serving Leader

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Mohamed Nasheed promises to usher in more political freedom and root out corruption, which critics say was rampant under President Gayoom
In Maldives, a political activist who spent years in prison has won the country's first democratic presidential election.  Mohamed Nasheed has defeated President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, who led the country for three decades, but was widely criticized for ruling like a dictator.  Anjana Pasricha has a report from New Delhi.Mohamed Nasheed addresses media in Male, Maldives, 29 Oct 2008 Thousands of jubilant supporters of Mohamed Nasheed danced and cheered in the streets in Male, Wednesday, after the Election Commission pronounced him the victor of the runoff election.Mohamed Nasheed ran as head of the Maldivian Democratic Party.  He won about 54 percent of the vote, while President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom got nearly 46 percent.  The runoff election was held after no candidate could get 50 percent of the vote in the first presidential poll, held earlier this month.  President Gayoom, who has ruled the chain of islands in the Indian Ocean for 30 years, has promised a peaceful transition.  He had won six previous elections in the country as the only candidate and has been criticized for ruling like a dictator and suppressing his opponents.In 2004, growing street protests and international pressure forced President Gayoom to allow some democratic reforms and paved the way for this month's multiparty election.At forefront of the campaign for greater democracy was Mohamed Nasheed.  He had been jailed several times on what human rights groups say are trumped up charges.A South Asia analyst, S.D. Muni, says Nasheed's victory will strengthen the movement toward democracy in several small South Asian nations.            "This is important, looking at the democratization drive in South Asia.  You have Nepal changing.  You have Bhutan changing.  Now you have Maldives also changing.  So, it is strengthening the democratic trend in South Asia," said Muni.            Nasheed has promised to usher in more political freedom and root out corruption, which critics say is rampant under President Gayoom. He is also promising more broad-based governance, and an administration which will improve conditions for the average citizen.   Professor Muni says the new government will try to change a system in which President Gayoom's friends and relatives control most of the powerful posts in the country."Almost all the opposition parties seem to have come together under Nasheed Anni's support, and that would broaden up the governance and political system, with greater emphasis on not only democratization, but also on development and more of administrative efficiency," he said.             The Maldives is a chain of about 1200 low-lying islands, which has emerged as a top tourist destination in Asia.  Gayoom has won praise for building a vibrant economy, with the highest per capita income in South Asia.  But poverty persists in the country of 350,000 people, most of whom are Sunni Muslims.


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Zimbabwe Local Councils Seated, Despite Cabinet Dispute

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But delay in agreeing on cabinet portfolios impacts negatively on Harare City Council's planning
The March 29 general election saw Zimbabweans choosing a president, members of the two houses of parliament and local councilors.  But unlike the national government, still to be formed due to the deadlock over the allocation of vital cabinet portfolios to the ruling party and the opposition, local councils are busy at work.  Tendai Maphosa has more in this report from Harare.While the presidential election was inconclusive and the lower house election produced a hung parliament, the local government poll handed most of the main urban centers to the opposition Movement for Democratic Change led by Morgan Tsvangirai.  MDC candidates were chosen in all but one of Harare's 46 wards. The last time the MDC controlled the city was after the 2002 presidential elections.  The then MDC mayor and his council were dismissed by the government.A government-appointed commission was running Harare until the current councilors were sworn in on July 1.  They have reported no serious problems working with the Zanu-PF local government minister.But the delay in agreeing on cabinet portfolios is impacting negatively on the Harare City Council's planning.  VOA spoke to Harare's deputy mayor Emmanuel Chiroto at his City Hall office."At all levels people are rather hesitant to make decisions," he said.  "We are having our committee meetings, we are making resolutions, but all these need financial support to sustain whatever plans we have and we cannot get it when the situation is like this.  We need a government like yesterday so as to alleviate the suffering of the people of this country."But things have not been as smooth for some councils.  Chiroto says his party controls the majority of councils across Zimbabwe and that does not appear to be sitting well with the Zanu-PF. The local government minister is allowed by law to appoint a quarter of the total number of councilors in a given council as special interest representatives.  Some councils have been complaining that the minister is appointing losing Zanu-PF candidates to councils.  In some cases, they say, these appointments actually overturn MDC majorities.  Chiroto says the local minister has not tried to tamper with the Harare city council because of the MDC's overwhelming majority at City Hall."It did not happen in Harare, we never have those that actually lost the elections being appointed," he said. "I was going to find it very difficult to be working with the person that I defeated in Hatcliffe now coming here as an appointed councilor.  In the rural areas these [appointed] councilors do have voting powers.  They can actually change certain decisions that elected officials will have made." But at the moment, Chiroto - like other Zimbabweans - is hoping the appointment of a new power-sharing government as agreed by the opposing parties last month, will at least bring about some clarity and an improvement for Zimbabweans.    

 


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US, South Korean Troops Plan to Rehearse Massive Amphibious Landing 

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Exercise focusing on simulated marine landing, comes at time when North Korea has sharpened its rhetoric against South
U.S. and South Korean military officials confirm the two allied nations are planning a major military drill, expected to begin this week.  The exercise focuses on a simulated marine landing and comes at a time when North Korea has sharpened its rhetoric against the South. VOA Seoul Correspondent Kurt Achin reports.South Korean AH-1S Cobra helicopter takes off during a drill at an army firing range in Yangpyeong, 28 Oct 2008South Korea's Marine Corps released an official statement Wednesday, confirming the country's forces will cooperate with the United States in a joint military drill, starting Thursday and continuing through to November 8.Dave Palmer, a spokesman for U.S. Forces in Korea, says it will involve about 10,000 personnel - mainly Marines.            "It's just an amphibious landing, I mean it's that rehearsal of all the elements it takes to pull that off," he said.North and South Korea remain technically at war.  The North invaded the South in 1950.  Months later, U.S. Marines staged their historic amphibious landing at Korea's port city, Incheon.  The operation succeeded, despite unfavorable conditions.  It became the first of many amphibious landings that drove North Korean forces back to the North-South border outlined in a 1953 armistice.  The United States stations about 28,000 forces in South Korea and has vowed to supply many more in the event of another North Korean attack.Wednesday's South Korean Marine statement says this month's amphibious drill will involve 27 naval ships, more than 30 helicopters and about 70 other amphibious landing vehicles.  About 2,000 U.S. Marines are being brought to South Korea from bases in Okinawa, Japan, to work side by side with nearly 8,000 South Korean counterparts in the drill.  It is to be centered near South Korea's port city, Pohang, and will include practice crossings of a large South Korean river.For decades, North Korea has denounced joint South Korean-American military exercises as a rehearsal for aggression against the North.  Palmer, the U.S. spokesman, says the upcoming exercise is routine."It's not done in any provocative manner of any means.  It's just training.  Everybody's notified.  It's just part of our normal cycle," he said.            This exercise comes at a sensitive time in inter-Korean relations.  On Tuesday, North Korea threatened to turn the South into "debris" in reprisal for leaflets launched into the North by private groups.  Also Tuesday, Japanese Prime Minister Aso Taro said North Korean leader Kim Jong Il was probably hospitalized and not in very good condition.  The North Korean leader's health is a serious security issue because no one is sure if the North's authoritarian system can hold together without him.  


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Indonesia Steps Up Security Ahead of Bali Bombers Execution

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Followers of Amrozi Nurhasyim, Imam Samudra, and Ali Ghufron, also known as Muhklas, vow to launch revenge attacks after executions take place
Police say they have beefed up security at vital sites, including a fuel refinery, and are checking vehicles and setting up road blocks to ensure the execution of the three men convicted for the 2002 Bali bombings is not disturbed. Bali Bombers from left, Imam Samudra, Ali Ghufron and Amrozi Nurhasyim (2007 file photo)Followers of Amrozi Nurhasyim, Imam Samudra, and Ali Ghufron, who is also known as Muhklas, have vowed to launch revenge attacks after the executions take place. The men, all members of the regional terrorist group Jemaah Islamiyah, were sentenced to death five years ago for planning and carrying out the bombings on the resort island of Bali that claimed the lives of 202 people, many of them foreign tourists. Sidney Jones, a terrorism expert at the International Crisis Group in Jakarta, says she does not believe the Jemaah Islamiyah organization or any break away cells have the capabilities of staging another major terrorist attack."I think Noordin Mohammad Top, who esteems Muklas very, very much, would probably like to do something in retaliation, but I really don't think that any of the groups in Indonesia now have the capacity to pull off a major attack in retaliation - though I think we're more likely to see some acts of emotional mob violence at the time the bodies are buried," she said. Malaysian fugitive Noordin Mohammad Top is thought to be the mastermind behind the 2002 Bali bombings and the authorities believe he may be hiding somewhere in Indonesia.The Indonesian government has arrested over 300 Islamic militants linked to Jemaah Islamiyah over the past few years, effectively shattering the terrorist group.But Jones says while the terrorist organization may be down, it is now looking to rebuild, especially through the younger generation. "I would say right now JI isn't interested in bombing and is only interested in rebuilding the organization so that if there's a threat of violence it's not likely to come from JI as an organization. But it's not a spent force because we've got about 40 schools run by JI with JI children -" that is children of JI members now in their teens - are learning some of the same ideological precepts that their parents learned," said Jones.Indonesia is a secular democratic nation with the world's largest population of Muslims. The vast majority practice a tolerant, moderate form of the faith.     


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Bad Weather Forces Postponement of World Series Game 5 Again

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Heavy rain, high winds cause further 24 hour delay; game now set for Wednesday evening in Philadelphia
 Heavy rain forced the suspension of Game 5 of the World Series in Philadelphia, Monday night.  And, with bad weather remaining in the area, Major League Baseball officials decided they will not try to resume play until Wednesday night (8:37 p.m. ET).  VOA Sports Editor Parke Brewer has more from Philadelphia.A person walks in front of a closed Citizens Bank Park with an umbrella in the rain, 28 Oct 2008When the host Philadelphia Phillies grabbed a 2-0 lead in the first inning of Game 5, Monday night, their fans sensed they could be on the verge of winning their first World Series title since 1980.After all, they led the best-of-seven series over the Tampa Bay Rays, three games to one, and had their best pitcher on the mound, Cole Hamels.  Hamels had won all four of his previous starts in this post-season.But heavy rain and high winds arrived in the third inning.  Tampa scored one run in the fourth inning and another in the sixth to tie the score.  At that point, with heavy rain continuing to fall and no let-up predicted by weather forecasters, officials declared the field unplayable.The game was stopped and, within 30 minutes, it was suspended until Tuesday night.  But the rain and gusting winds did not let up through Tuesday afternoon, so the conclusion of the Game 5 was postponed again by 24 hours, until Wednesday night (8:37 p.m).Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig said they just have not been lucky with the conditions, which he indicated can vary greatly and be unpredictable this time of year."It's tricky," he said.  I know that many second guess [on decisions affecting play], and I understand that.  But the thing that's been so difficult is that the weather, it just keeps changing.   But obviously we're very sensitive to that, and we'll bend over backwards to be sensitive to the Phillies fans who have been tremendous."Phillies General Manager Pat Gillick said all those involved in the decisions were in agreement.  "Unfortunately, those things happen," he said. "So we'll just have to go on from here and go get them whenever we play."Joe Maddon talks to reporters, 28 Oct 2008Tampa Bay manager Joe Maddon shared the same outlook."It's just the way it is.  There's no crying about it," Maddon said.  "And, I'm not really one to point fingers.  I've never been that person.  I'm not going to do it now."Maddon's Rays will be in the field when Game Five resumes, with the Phillies batting in the bottom of the sixth inning.   The team that wins will be the one that gets the best performance from its relief pitchers.With his team having tied the game at 2-2 before the suspension, Maddon said that could give his team momentum."Us coming back like we did and sitting on it for a day or two possibly could weigh in our favor a little bit," he said.   "I'm not sure yet.  But I think the most important part of it is that both bullpens are rested, and there's no telling what's going to happen at this point."While the Phillies will try to win the World Series before their home fans, the Rays hope to take Game 5 to send the teams back to their home stadium in Florida for a Game 6.


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Young American Activist Helps to Build Safe Soccer Pitches for Children

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Love.futbol co-founder Drew Chafetz, says his organization has built three pitches in Guatemala already, with plans for more
The image has been highly romanticized: children in developing countries playing the "beautiful game," soccer, barefoot in the streets. Drew Chafetz has seen, and played with, such children and seen the conditions many face:  broken glass, shards of metal and trash. In the latest installment of our Making a Difference series, VOA's Brian Allen will show you what Chafetz and his organization, love.futbol, are doing to help young soccer lovers.Youth activist Drew Chafetz works to help make safe places for kids to play footballIt is an average Friday morning for Washington, DC native Drew Chafetz. On his laptop, the 25-year-old college graduate is logged on and plugged in, chatting with people across the world over the Internet. He is one of the co-founders of love.futbol, a non-profit organization which solves a problem he saw while traveling in Morocco."I came across children playing in a back alley in a tiny village in the middle of absolutely nowhere, and this is an extremely common sight. I would often play soccer -- I still do -- whenever I'm in another country," Chafetz recalled. 

"But these children were playing in this narrow alleyway, which was fine except there was this canal running through the middle of their pitch [soccer playing surface], and I was watching these kids jumping back and forth across the canal and chipping the ball back and forth across the canal," Chafetz said.  "They all had beautiful smiles on their faces."Kids chase the football on a love.futbol field So, Chafetz started love.futbol, which makes safe soccer pitches for children to play on. With the help of the local communities, the group has built three of these safe, cement courts in Guatemala and promises more."Guatemala is our pilot country, Chafetz said. "Everything we are doing is to the end that we can scale this. We are developing a model that can be replicated easily."Love.futbol is funded by donations, but Chafetz is currently seeking both federal and corporate sponsorships. He says he hopes to build in other Central and South American countries, "Being well-established in Brazil before the 2014 World Cup is a major goal of ours, that's a country that we know we want to be in, it's the heart and soul of soccer," Chafetz said.Love.futbol co-founder Drew Chafetz tests his skillsWhile most Americans at his age are starting down career paths that will lead to high-paying salaries one day, Chafetz says he would rather work to make a difference in the lives of children.

"On a personal level, it's extremely gratifying, I don't ever sit down at my computer about to start my work day and resent a second of it," he said. "It's wonderful to my brain, heart, and soul."An achievement this young man measures not in money, but in the smiles of children.


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Tuesday 28 October 2008

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Sorry, Dad, I'm Voting for Obama - The Daily Beast
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Check out our Special Report on the Financial Crisis.  Don't miss feature writer Ted Landphair's America - a  blog on American life. And remember to log on to USAVotes2008.com, our election community site, where you can discuss U.S. politics with others around the world.


British PM Calls on China, Oil States to Aid World Economy

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Gordon Brown says International Monetary Fund may run short of money as it tries to bolster economies around world battered by financial meltdown
Gordon Brown, 27 Oct 2008 British Prime Minister Gordon Brown says the International Monetary Fund may run short of money as it tries to bolster economies around the world battered by the financial meltdown.Mr. Brown called on nations with substantial reserves like China and oil-rich Gulf states to contribute more to the fund. The IMF has been working to help several nations, including Ukraine and Iceland recently.Mr. Brown spoke before traveling to France for talks on economic issues with President Nicolas Sarkozy.  He also is set to meet with Germany's chancellor, Angela Merkel, on Thursday in London. Meanwhile, two of the world's major central banks may be about to cut key interest rates in an attempt to boost the economy.Top officials of the U.S. Federal Reserve begin a two-day meeting Tuesday, and could announce a rate cut Wednesday. The head of the European Central Bank, ECB, says the institution is likely to cut interest rates next week. Also Tuesday, stock markets around the world are soaring.  Hong Kong's key index rocketed upward more than 14 percent, and major indexes in Tokyo and Germany posted strong gains.  Stock prices in Paris, London and New York also advanced strongly. 

 

Some information for this report was provided by AFP, AP and Reuters.

 


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Most Arab, Gulf Stock Markets Lower for Third Day

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Financial difficulties by United Arab Emirates' second-largest bank causing ripple effect in various countries, including Kuwait
Most Gulf stock exchanges traded lower again, but with smaller losses than in previous sessions.  Financial difficulties by the United Arab Emirates second-largest bank are causing a ripple effect in various countries, including Kuwait, as Edward Yeranian reports from Cairo.Traders follow market's movement at Stock Exchange in Kuwait City Most Arab stock exchanges, with several key exceptions, were lower for the third day, amid an ongoing global financial and economic crisis.The Qatar stock market was down more than 5 percent, and Kuwait more than 2 percent lower, while Abu Dhabi, Oman and Bahrain traded marginally lower.  The Dubai market was flat, while Saudi Arabia showed a 5 percent gain, after hefty losses in recent days.Gulf economic experts say major losses by Kuwait's second-largest bank are having a ripple effect across Gulf markets.  Trading in its shares remain suspended.Meanwhile, Kuwait's Finance Minister Mustapha Shamally told Al Arabiya TV that the government has approved a draft law to guarantee bank deposits, in line with similar measures taken in the United Arab Emirates, last week.Newspaper reports say that Kuwait is also preparing to set up a $5.6 billion-fund to help beleaguered companies that have incurred large overseas losses.United Arab Emirates Central Bank Governor Nasser al Suweidi also indicated Monday that property prices in the UAE could be facing a "correction," but that banks in the Emirates were "safe," and that the Central Bank was prepared to pour more liquidity into the banking system. In Egypt, the Cairo stock exchange closed with a gain of 4 percent after initial losses, but investors still appear to be fearful.A businessman in communications and information technology, Mohammed Omran, says the Egyptian market has lost more than 65 percent of its value in recent days."The economic crisis is not only in the Gulf, it is everywhere ...  I want to talk about the stock market in Egypt, where we have seen a lot of deterioration of the market capitalization and the market value of the stock market over the last two weeks, or about 10 days since the financial crisis started hitting Egypt badly, and the market has lost over 65 percent or 70 percent of its value ...," Omran said.Omran also believes that panic is the major factor behind the economic crisis, and that many people are converting their assets into cash."Well, people are saying now to themselves that cash is a king, as you know, and for that everyone of course is trying to either liquidate his own stock assets or real estate or perhaps withdraw cash from the bank and keep it safe where he can," Omran said.While the widespread panic appears to be calming in the Arab markets, many people say they are worried the markets will continue on their slippery downward slope.  

 


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Candidates Focus on Economy, Key States in Final Week of US Presidential Campaign

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Democrat Barack Obama continues to lead in national polls and in most key states that will hold balance in next week's election
The U.S. presidential election campaign is moving into its final week, and both major candidates are making their closing arguments to voters before the November 4 election. Democratic Party nominee Barack Obama and Republican John McCain have campaigned Monday in Ohio and are each beginning their day Tuesday in Pennsylvania, before moving on to other important states where the race is close. VOA national correspondent Jim Malone has the latest on the campaign from Washington. Senator Barack Obama in Canton, Ohio, 27 Oct 2008Democrat Barack Obama continues to lead in the national polls and in most of the key states that will hold the balance in next week's election.But Obama cautioned a crowd in Ohio not to take the election for granted, and to get out and work hard in the closing days of the campaign.  "Do not believe for a second that this election is over," he said. "Do not think for a minute that power concedes. We have a lot of work to do. We have to work like our future depends on it in this last week, because it does depend on it this week!"Obama is focused on a message of change and unity in the final days of the campaign. He says if elected he would unify the country, including Democrats and Republicans, to take on the economic challenges at home and the security challenges abroad.But Obama is not backing away from his central contention that his Republican opponent, Senator John McCain, represents a continuation of what he calls the failed policies of President Bush."John McCain might be worried about losing an election, but I am worried about Americans who are losing their homes and their jobs and their life savings," said Obama. "I can take one more week of John McCain's attacks, but this country cannot take four more years of the same failed politics and the same failed policies. It is time to try something new!" Senator John McCain in Dayton, Ohio, 27 Oct 2008Senator McCain also campaigned in Ohio, and he focused on the economy, which the polls show is the number-one issue in the election."With one week left in this campaign, the choice facing Americans is stark," McCain said. "My economic goals and policies are very clear."McCain again distanced himself from the economic policies of President Bush, and noted that Americans want change.McCain also continued his attacks on Obama's tax proposals, which some of his supporters compare to socialism."And that is the problem with Senator Obama's approach to our economy," said McCain. "He is more interested in controlling wealth than creating it, in redistributing money instead of spreading opportunity. I am going to create wealth for all Americans by creating opportunity for all Americans!"Many political experts believe McCain is running out of time to close the gap in the polls in the final days of the campaign."What is driving this election is dissatisfaction with the party now holding the White House," said Allan Lichtman, a presidential historian at American University in Washington. "Nearly 90 percent of Americans think the country is on the wrong track. The economy is in meltdown. George Bush is the most unpopular president in the history of polling, which goes back to the 1930's."The fact that both major presidential contenders were in Ohio on the same day this late in the campaign reflects the state's influential status in presidential elections. No Republican has ever won the White House without carrying Ohio. And John Kennedy in 1960 was the last Democratic candidate to win the presidency without carrying Ohio. Obama has a narrow lead over McCain in the latest polls in Ohio.   


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Rebels Continue Offensive in Eastern DRC

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Reports say rebels loyal to renegade General Laurent Nkunda overran Kibumba Monday, despite helicopter attacks by UN peacekeepers trying to stop rebel advance
Witnesses say government troops are retreating in the face of a rebel offensive in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.Officials and residents in Congo's North Kivu province say the sides clashed again Tuesday in several spots near Kibumba and Rutshuru, two towns north of the provincial capital, Goma.Reports say rebels loyal to renegade General Laurent Nkunda overran Kibumba on Monday, despite helicopter attacks by U.N. peacekeepers trying to stop the rebel advance.Two boys, fleeing from the town of Kibumba, walk as a tank of the Congolese army moves on the road, about 35 kilometers north of Goma, 27 Oct 2008Thousands of people from Kibumba and nearby villages have fled the fighting on foot toward Goma.  The U.N. refugee agency said Tuesday it expects 30,000 new arrivals at a camp near the capital.The U.N.'s efforts have been hampered by attacks from locals, who are angry that the peacekeepers have failed to protect them from the fighting.  At least two people were killed Monday when protesters tried to storm a U.N. compound. The commander of the U.N. mission in Congo, Spanish Lieutenant General Vicente Diaz de Villegas, resigned from his post on Monday, for what the U.N. called "personal reasons."  A Ghanian officer has taken over the post until a permanent replacement is named.Nkunda's men launched their offensive against government forces on Sunday.  The sides have fought numerous battles since late August, following the collapse of a January peace deal.Nkunda says his militia is defending Tutsi civilians from Hutu fighters from neighboring Rwanda.  The rebels accuse Congo's army of working with the Hutus.North Kivu remains the most volatile area of a country still recovering from a devastating five-year civil war that ended in 2003. 

Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters.

 


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Iraq 'Rejects' Deadly Helicopter Attack on Eastern Syria

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Iraqi spokesman says Iraq does not want its territory to be used for attacks on neighboring countries
The Iraqi government has criticized Sunday's helicopter raid on eastern Syria that Damascus blames on U.S. forces.An Iraqi government spokesman said Baghdad "rejects" the raid.  He added that Iraq does not want its territory to be used for attacks on neighboring countries.  It was Iraq's first official criticism of Sunday's attack.Syria says four helicopters carried U.S. troops on a cross-border attack that killed eight civilians. The Syrian government has already lodged an official protest with the U.S.  Tuesday, it ordered the closure of an American school and an American cultural center in Damascus.The U.S. government has refused comment on the raid - but one U.S. official, speaking anonymously, said the attack is believed to have killed the head of a network smuggling weapons and foreign fighters into Iraq.While criticizing the raid, the Iraqi spokesman also called on Damascus to crack down on insurgents who use Syria as a base to train and launch attacks on Iraq.  Baghdad has said that Sunday's helicopter raid targeted such an area.China and Lebanon issued statements Tuesday condemning the attack as a violation of Syria's sovereignty.Russia and the Arab League issued similar statements Monday.Syria has accused the United States of "terrorist aggression" for the raid and filed an official protest with Washington. Syria has warned that if another raid happens, it will defend its territory. Syria's state news agency, SANA, says thousands of people attended the funerals Monday of those killed in the raid. The U.S. official who spoke to reporters confidentially said the targeted man was Abu Ghadiya.   The U.S. Treasury Department has previously identified Ghadiya as a major terrorist financier for al-Qaida in Iraq.

Some information for this report was provided by AFP, AP and Reuters. 

 


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Afghanistan, Pakistan, US Military Forces Cooperate in Border Region

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Intelligence analysts say that by neutralizing insurgents along border, they can prevent al-Qaida attacks in other parts of the world
Mutual distrust between Afghanistan and Pakistan has hampered efforts to combat terrorism along their common border.  That has led to calls for joint patrols, along with international troops.  While that has yet to happen, Afghan and Pakistani soldiers, along with U.S. forces, are working and living alongside each other in a new military facility in the Khyber Pass on the Afghan side of the border.  VOA Correspondent Steve Herman was given a rare look inside the first Joint Border Coordination Center and files this report. An Afghan checkpoint on the border with PakistanIt is one of the world's most strategically important and porous borders.  Smugglers and terrorists can cross it at more than 250 points - some in rugged mountainous terrain, virtually impossible for Afghanistan or Pakistan to adequately monitor. This lawless area, for years, has been home to al-Qaida, Taliban and other insurgents intent on undermining the governments on both sides of the border, as well as attacking the 70,000 international troops in Afghanistan. In order to coordinate efforts to patrol the region and fight terrorism, Afghanistan, Pakistan and the United States have established the first of six planned border coordination centers.The first center, along the fabled Khyber Pass on the Afghan side of the border, opened in late March.  Here, Afghan, Pakistani and American forces work, live and eat together.  They communicate in English, Dari and Pashto with the help of interpreters.  Afghan Army Brigadier General Abdul Rahim Faizi Afghan Army Brigadier General Abdul Rahim Faizi says this allows soldiers from the three countries to gain mutual understanding by working side-by-side.General Faizi says, those working together in the coordination center can achieve more accurate aerial and artillery targeting of the common enemy. U.S. Army Brigadier General Mark Milley explains that this first center is helping to overcome problems that resulted from lack of coordination along the border, including friendly-fire incidents. "It coordinates activities between Pakistan, the Afghan national security forces, ISAF [International Security Assistance Force] Regional Command-East forces along the border, in order to prevent them from having incidents of conflict between each other and in order to focus their efforts against the enemy." For too long, the area has been a virtual no-man's land and disagreements remain on precise national boundaries. Afghan Brigadier General Faizi says the initial coordination center in the Khyber Pass is meant to reverse the natural advantage the enemy has enjoyed. General Faizi says the very difficult terrain has allowed terrorists to cross back and forth without detection.  But the tripartite center allows coordination with local community sources, giving the armies the ability to respond immediately against those with ill intent. Each month, one-star generals from the three countries meet at the Khyber Pass to discuss how things are going and refine the process.   There are calls for the Afghans and Pakistanis to also work with the international coalition for joint patrols along the border. U.S. Brig. Gen. Mark Milley, right, with Pakistani Army officer at the Khyber Pass Coordination Center in AfghanistanThe U.S. Army's General Milley says the border coordination centers could be a first step in that direction. "That may translate into joint military operations. It's hard to tell what direction that'll take and only time will tell.  But that clearly is a possibility that the foundation of cooperation is being built."Experts say that any of the armies acting alone would not be able to police the 2,500 kilometer long border. General Milley says the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force, or ISAF, and the Afghan and Pakistani militaries must fight the border battle together. "This is a regional problem.  This is a regional insurgency.  It straddles both sides of an international border," he said.  "And in order to have ultimate success at the end of the day, whenever the end of the day is, it's going to require a very cooperative effort between both Afghanistan and Pakistan and ISAF on both sides of this border simultaneously."The vested interest for the U.S.-led coalition and the NATO forces is not only the immediate neighborhood.  Intelligence analysts say that by neutralizing insurgents along the border, they can prevent al-Qaida attacks in other parts of the world because the remote terrain remains a planning center and training ground for global terrorist missions. 

 


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North Korea Threatens to Turn South Into 'Debris'

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Pyongyang's anger revolves mainly around leaflets that have been launched into the North recently by human rights groups
North Korea is warning South Korea of a pre-emptive strike that will turn the South into "debris," if Seoul does not stop what the North calls "a policy of confrontation."  As VOA's Seoul Correspondent Kurt Achin reports, the North's anger revolves mainly around leaflets that have been launched into the North recently by human rights groups.South Korean AH-1S Cobra helicopter takes off during a drill at an army firing range in Yangpyeong, 28 Oct 2008North Korea threatened military force against South Korea, Tuesday, a day after South Korean civic groups sent tens of thousands of leaflets into the North by balloon.A commentary carried by North Korea's official news agency warned of an "advanced pre-emptive strike of our own style" that "will reduce  everything... to debris, not just setting it on fire."  That wording echoes threats from North Korea in previous years to turn the South Korean capital into a "sea of fire."North Korea has often denounced the administration of conservative South Korean President Lee Myung-bak as a "gang of traitors" - but Tuesday's statement uses some of the most explicit military-themed language since Mr. Lee took office in January.  The commentary warns North Korea's attack would "turn out to be a just war... to build an independent reunified state."A day earlier, the North threatened to suspend a joint North-South industrial project, if Seoul did not prevent the ongoing launches of leaflets into the North by civic groups.  That same day, human rights activists launched some 40,000 leaflets by helium balloon from waters east of the Korean Peninsula.The leaflets are sharply critical of North Korean leader Kim Jong Il and include information from recent reports that he may be recovering from a stroke.South Korean Unification Ministry Spokesman Kim Ho-nyoun says officials are trying to persuade the groups behind the leaflet launches to hold off.He says the government is asking the human rights groups for their help in easing tension.  However, he says that scattering the leaflets is reasonable when it is done in a legal manner -- and that South Korea will act according to the law.Park Sang-hak is the president of the Seoul-based North Korea Freedom Coalition and a key organizing figure of the balloon launches.He says he will be meeting this week with officials from South Korea's presidential Blue House.  However, he says he has no intention of stopping the balloon launches, which he says are legal.


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US Senator Found Guilty of Lying About Gifts

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US Senator Ted Stevens is convicted for lying about $250,000 in gifts he received from an oil contractor, including improvements on his Alaska home
U.S. Senator Ted Stevens (right) leaves federal court with his attorney after being convicted for lying about gifts he received from an oil contractor

U.S. Senator Ted Stevens has been found guilty on seven charges of lying about gifts he received.A jury in Washington convicted Stevens Monday after a month-long trial. He faces a maximum 35 years in prison, but federal sentencing guidelines could allow him a much shorter sentence, or even probation.The 84-year-old Republican senator from Alaska was charged with seven counts of making false statements on Senate financial disclosure forms.Prosecutors said he failed to report $250,000 in gifts from an oil contractor, including improvements on his Alaska home.The senator testified that he paid for the home-improvement services. Stevens, the longest-serving Republican in the U.S. Senate, is still eligible for re-election next week even as a convicted felon. He is in a tight race with Democrat Mark Begich, the mayor of Anchorage - Alaska's largest city. Stevens had pushed for a speedy trial in hopes of being ruled innocent before election day November 4.It will be up to the Senate to decide if he must leave office. He can be expelled only if two-thirds of the senators approve the move.This is the first time a U.S. Senator has been found guilty of a felony while in office since 1981, when a Democrat from the state of New Jersey, Harrison Williams, was convicted of bribery and conspiracy. He resigned from the Senate before senators could vote on expulsion. Some information for this report was provided by AP and Reuters.


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Rights Group Calls on Laos to Release Information on Hmong Protest Leaders

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Human Rights Watch says eight protest leaders and their families were sent back to Laos
A human rights group has called on the Lao government to release information regarding several Hmong refugees who led protests in Thailand earlier this year and were later repatriated to Laos. As Ron Corben reports from Bangkok, Human Rights Watch also wants Lao authorities to allow independent witnesses to verify the well being and whereabouts of Hmong refugees sent back to Laos.The report released Tuesday raises fresh concern over the whereabouts of five Hmong who led protests in Thailand in June. The refugees were protesting Thailand's policy of holding them in camps.The five were among 5,000 who marched at the Huay Nam Khao refugee camp, 370 kilometers north of Bangkok on June 20. Hmong refugees in Huay Nam Khao camp (File)The refugees had been held at the camp for more than a year. Afterward, 800 protesters were forcibly repatriated to Laos, while thousands more were returned to the camp. Human Rights Watch says eight protest leaders and their families were sent back to Laos. The report quotes witnesses as saying three of the men were later released from a prison in Laos after being detained for three months.Sunai Pasuk, a Human Rights Watch spokesman in Thailand, says the group is worried about the remaining five. "We have concern that leaders of Lao Hmong who have been politically active while they were in the shelter in Thailand may face prosecution after they were sent back to Laos. Now many of them have disappeared," said Sunai." "That has increased our concern."Hmong refugee families stand behind bars at a Thai detention centre in Nong Khai
province near Thai-Laos border  (File)The report also criticizes Thailand's policy of blocking United Nations officials from verifying that Hmong who go back to Laos do so voluntarily.Thai foreign ministry officials say no one has been forced back to Laos.Sunai says the report repeats earlier requests for more openness. "What Human Rights Watch want from the Lao government is to provide transparency, to provide honest and transparent information regarding the whereabouts of the refugees, particularly the leaders of the Lao Hmong, and to allow for international agencies to have regular and unhindered access to the resettlement areas," added Sunai.During the Vietnam War, the Hmong fought alongside United States forces. After the war ended in 1975, many were forced to flee Laos, with thousands crossing into Thailand. Since then many have been granted homes in the U.S., Australia and other countries. Both Thailand and Laos say the current refugees are economic migrants, not victims of political persecution. 

 


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Georgians Contemplate Future Five Years After Rose Revolution

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Life returns to normal in most of Georgia, two months after conflict with Russia; but scars of war are still fresh in people's minds
Its famous Rose Revolution in November 2003 was to usher in a new era for the former Soviet Republic of Georgia - an era of democracy and a path forward to eventual membership in the West's most prestigious political clubs - the European Union and NATO. Nearly five years later Georgia still faces a difficult course between East and West as the conflict with neighboring Russia in August proved. VOA's Sonja Pace reports from Tbilisi. Religious festival at Sveti Tskhoveli, GeorgiaLife has returned to normal in most of Georgia - two months after the conflict with neighboring Russia. But the scars of that war are still fresh in people's minds. One man said he remembers the oppression from the decades under Soviet rule. He said Russia is now doing the same thing - attacking its small neighbor. And a woman said she simply prays for peace.A simple wish - on the minds of many Georgians nowadays.  Simmering tensions in the breakaway province of South Ossetia erupted into open conflict in early August, after the government in Tbilisi tried to re-take control of the region from Russian-backed separatists. Russia sent troops into the area and deep into Georgia. Even now Russian troops remain in South Ossetia and in the other breakaway enclave of Abkhazia in the northwest.Among Georgians - views about the war are mixed. Alexander RondeliThe president of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies, Alexander Rondeli, said the conflict united Georgians and rallied support for President Mikhail Saakashvili."You know, Russian behavior has made Saakashvili's position stronger. If the Russians did not commit so many crimes on Georgian soil and if they behaved in a different way, Saakashvili's position would be weaker," he said. Leila GaprindashviliBut not everyone agrees. Sociologist Leila Gaprindashvili said she cannot see the benefits for the government's military action. "I think the conflict has led to a postponement of reconciliation with the people of South Ossetia and Abkhazia and with the process of return of these territories for a long time."Georgia received strong verbal support from the West during and after the conflict, and is getting financial support to rebuild its army and its damaged infrastructure, and to help civilians who had to flee their homes. But many question whether its actions have helped or hindered Georgia's chances of joining the European Union and NATO. Moscow opposes Georgian membership. And, many see its incursion into Georgia as a signal that Russia is willing to use military force to make that point.Lawrence Sheets is the senior Caucasus analyst of the International Crisis Group. He said the war could have longer-term negative effects. "What a conflict situation like this does is decrease the attractiveness of Georgia as a transit state, which in turn has the potential to affect its economy."Georgia relies heavily on trade, especially in its role as conduit for oil and gas from east to west.But in November, as Georgians commemorate the 5th anniversary of their Rose Revolution, some will be asking how far they have come and where they are going.During the revolution, tens of thousands took to the streets to protest rigged elections and demand a change in government and direction. The revolution brought President Saakashvili to power with promises of democracy, transparency, economic opportunities and a decisive turn westward.Sheets said while some promises of the Rose Revolution have been fulfilled, others have not. "What the government needs to do is to open up the media. The atmosphere involving television is one of increasing government control in recent months and in recent years and that has to be reversed. The second thing the Georgian government must do is reform the court system, because the court system is not independent in this country," he said.Some say - with the scars of the conflict with Russia still fresh - an economic downturn or delays in EU or NATO membership could have Georgians asking what happened to the promises of their Rose Revolution.


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Rain Suspends World Series Game 5

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Phillies, Rays tied 2-all in sixth inning when field conditions ruled unplayable
Heavy rain forced the suspension of Game Five of Major League Baseball's World Series in Philadelphia, Monday night.  The host Philadelphia Phillies and Tampa Bay Rays were tied a 2-all in the sixth inning when field conditions were ruled unplayable.  VOA Sports Editor Parke Brewer was there and has a report.Workers deploy rain tarp on field, 27 Oct 2008Early in the game there was just light rain, but by the third inning it was pouring and often blowing sideways in cold, gusting winds.  The temperature had fallen to four degrees, so it was terrible weather for baseball, much less an important World Series game.The host Phillies jumped out to a 2-0 lead in the first inning, thanks to two walks, a hit batsman and a two-run single by outfielder Shane Victorino.Tampa Bay scored one run in the fourth inning on a single by third baseman Evan Longoria, who drove in first baseman Carlos Pena, who had doubled.  Pena also drove in the run in the sixth inning that tied the game at 2-all, and when the Rays made the final out in their half of that inning, the game was stopped.Umpire Tim Tschida said the grounds crews had done an excellent job to allow the game to go on as long as it did.Bud Selig, center, talks to reporters during press conference after postponing World Series Game 5, 27 Oct 2008"They groomed the field after the fourth inning every half inning, and they were keeping up with it," he said.  "And, then, the velocity of the rain made it such than when we were playing the top of the sixth inning, it became harder and harder."So it was at that point the game was stopped, and 30 minutes later Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig made the decision to call it a night.  They hope to resume play Tuesday night at about 8:30 p.m., but rain remains in the forecast.Selig said there was no consideration to trying to resume play during daytime hours, Tuesday. "You know these fans obviously came and bought tickets for a night game, so they deserve to come back and see a night game," he said.  "It'll be the same starting time, whether it's Tuesday night, or Wednesday night or Thursday night or whenever."Fans seek cover from rain during World Series Game 5, 27 Oct. 2008 Never in the history of the World Series has there been a game shortened by rain. The Philadelphia Phillies lead this best-of-seven Series, three games to one, and are hoping they can clinch their first baseball championship since 1980 before their home fans.  Game Five will resume in Philadelphia - right where it left off in the middle of the sixth inning with the Phillies ready to bat.  If the game concludes Tuesday and the Rays win, Game Six would be back in Florida, Wednesday night. 


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