Friday 10 October 2008

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Bush Attempts to Reassure Americans as G-7 Finance Ministers Gather in Washington

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US president says officials are taking strong measures to solve crisis, blames 'fear' for drop in stock prices
Leaders of the world's largest economies confronted a global financial system in shambles Friday, as they gathered in Washington to cope with a plunging stock market, a frozen credit market, and fears the world is headed for recession. U.S. stock markets plunged around five percent in the first few minutes of trading, but later recovered in volatile trading.  Key European stock market indexes were down sharply in afternoon trading.  Steep declines forced officials in Russia and Indonesia to suspend trading indefinitely.  Brazilian officials suspended trading temporarily after declines of at least 10 percent. And Japan's Nikkei index was off nearly 10 percent at the close - its biggest one-day loss since 1987.   Officials from the Group of Seven industrialized nations: the United States, Japan, Britain, Germany, France, Canada and Italy, are gathering in Washington ahead of a meeting of the International Monetary Fund, and will meet with U.S. President George Bush on Saturday.  President George W. Bush makes statement on US economic crisis at the White House, 10 Oct 2008In televised remarks Friday, Mr. Bush tried to reassure investors around the world.  He said officials are taking strong measures to solve the crisis, and blamed "fear" for what he described as the "startling" drop in stock prices. Mr. Bush said the United States is a wealthy nation with the tools and resources to solve these problems, and urged Americans to be confident in the country's future.  Meanwhile, U.S. officials may be considering a plan to help ease the credit-crunch that sparked the current crisis.The Wall Street Journal's online edition reports Friday the U.S. may decide to guarantee billions of dollars in bank debt and temporarily insure all U.S. bank deposits.In an interview Friday with CNBC television, British entrepreneur and investor Richard Branson said he does not expect the U.S. stock markets to produce any sort of sustained rally.The president of the Virgin Atlantic airline and founder of many of the Virgin Group's other enterprises - including a space tourism company  - also said he plans to get back into the mortgage business in the next six months.Many economists blame mortgage-related investments tied to the U.S. housing market for sparking the financial crisis. 

Some information for this report was provided by AFP and AP. 

 


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Asia's Markets Follow Wall Street With Panic Selling

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Four major stock markets in Asia plunged more than 7 percent Friday
Investors in Asia sold shares in a panic, following the lead of Wall Street. Most stock markets saw some of the biggest price declines the October 1987 share crash. As Ron Corben reports from Bangkok, attention is now on the meeting of Group of Seven finance ministers and central bankers in Washington to restore confidence to panicked markets.An investor takes a nap at the share index at a private stock market gallery in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 10 Oct 2008Four major stock markets in Asia plunged more than seven percent Friday. Every share price index in the region was down sharply.Vikas Kawatra, head of institutional research for Kim Eng Securities in Bangkok, says the speed of the market capitulation caught many off guard."We don't know how these fast-turning events are impacting which country and which bank and which insurance company - so it's all too scary at this stage and it would be quite naive to make any judgement on such sharp moves. It's fear and it's absolute fear," he said. Kawatra says the rapid selling at least offers the hope the contagion may soon be over. The bankruptcy of a real estate investment trust and insurer in Japan sent the Nikkei 225 stock average falling over nine percent. It has lost nearly 53 percent in a year.Hong Kong's Hang Seng shed seven-point-two percent. Share prices on Philippine and Australian markets both closed over eight percent lower. In Seoul, the Kospi lost four percent and Mumbai's main BSE index sank seven percent.Asia's sell-off followed the seven-percent loss on U.S. Dow Jones Industrial Average Thursday.More than $6 trillion has been wiped off share markets this week as panic swept across the world.Economists already are looking at the long-term fallout from the financial rout. Most expect widespread recession for much of the coming year. Sompop Manarangsan, an economist from Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok, says countries in Asia, such as Thailand, where exports are key to economic growth, will be hit as the U.S. and European economies weaken. "In the short term, the slump of the financial sector - particularly the stock market," said Sompop.  "Longer term is the slowdown of exports - that [has] led to the slump of agricultural produce [prices]." On Friday, key commodity prices continued to slide. Oil prices, $147 a barrel in July, traded at just over $82 - marking its biggest weekly decline since December 2004. Gold prices, however, were back up around $920 an ounce, the highest level in more than two months, as investors fled out of stocks and into precious metals.The markets sank despite coordinated interest rate cuts this week by central banks and the pumping of billions dollars into money markets to encourage banks lend money, instead of hoarding cash. Financial markets are looking to a meeting of finance ministers from the Group of Seven major industrialized countries meeting in Washington Friday for fresh guidance on restoring confidence.


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Indian Stock Markets Continue to Plunge Despite Central Bank Assurance of More Liquidity

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Finance minister reassures people financial system is stable and has resilience to weather economic storm
India's stock markets have plunged to a three-year low despite assurances by top officials that Asia's third largest economy can be cushioned from the global economic turmoil. As Anjana Pasricha reports from New Delhi, the Central Bank is infusing more liquidity in the financial system in a bid to restore confidence.  Stock broker reacts as he watches share prices at brokerage in Mumbai, 10 Oct 2008The Mumbai stock index, the Sensex, plunged by 800 points Friday, bringing it down to 10,527 points. The losses since Monday piled up to more than 16 percent, making it the worst week in the history of Indian stock markets. The stock market slide continued despite an announcement by the Central Bank that it will make an additional $12 billion of credit available to ensure that there is no liquidity crisis in the financial system. But neither the Central Bank's move, nor reassuring statements by the government convinced investors that India will remain immune from the global financial crisis.  Finance Minister P. Chidambaram says the Indian financial system is stable, and has the resilience to weather the storm blowing across the world. He says liquidity conditions have tightened, but the government will ensure that there is enough credit to support economic growth.   "We will watch the situation carefully and continuously and respond swiftly to the needs of the market," Chidambaram said. "Steps will be taken to infuse more liquidity if required."  The finance minister also gave assurances that India's banking system is sound, and well regulated.  Banking stocks have been falling heavily since the global financial turmoil began to unravel. The worst-hit is India's largest private sector bank, ICICI, whose shares fell by more than 20 percent Friday. But its head, Chanda Kocchar says that the bank faces no problems.   "We have adequate liquidity given the current condition, and even in our international operations we have sufficient liquidity," Kocchar said.Traders say the Indian stock market is reflecting the panic around the globe. Heavy selling by foreign investors is adding to the gloom. Foreign investors have sold shares worth nearly $1 billion this week, taking the total outflow this year to $5 billion.That has put pressure on the Indian rupee, which has fallen to a six-year low against the dollar.In addition there are worries that although the country's financial system may ride out the global turmoil, the economy will not be able to sustain high growth as major world economies head toward a recession.


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Former Finnish President Martii Ahtisaari Wins Nobel Peace Prize

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Ahtisaari, 71, cited for efforts over more than 30 years that have contributed to more peaceful world
Norway's Nobel committee tapped former Finnish president and peace advocate Martti Ahtisaari as this year's peace laureate. Lisa Bryant has more on the 71-year-old politician - and his distinguished career.Martii AhtisaariNorway's Nobel committee praised Martti Ahtisaari for his efforts to help secure peace in a number of conflict torn countries during his lengthy career as U.N. diplomat, Finnish president and later, peace activist with his organization, the Crisis Management Initiative.Over the past 20 years, the Nobel statement said, Ahtisaari has played a prominent role in resolving serious and long-lasting conflicts in Namibia, Indonesia, Kosovo and Iraq - among other areas.In an interview on Norwegian television, Ahtisaari cited peace talks in 1989-1990 in the southwestern African nation of Namibia as his greatest achievement. Those talks helped pave the way for Namibia's independence from south Africa.Ahtisaari began his career as a school teacher before joining Finland's foreign ministry. He served as a United Nations undersecretary and secretary of state for the Finnish foreign ministry before being elected president of Finland in 1994. Ahtisaari founded the Crisis Management Initiative in 2000. The Helsinki-based non-profit organization provides solutions for ending conflicts around the world.Former U.S. Vice-President Al Gore won last year's Nobel peace prize along with the U.N. panel on climate change for their work on raising attention to the threat of global warming.


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US Presidential Campaign Tone Becomes Increasingly Negative

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Public opinion polls show Democratic candidate Barack Obama moving into a lead over Republican John McCain
The U.S. presidential campaign has grown increasingly personal and negative in recent days, as public opinion polls show Democratic candidate Barack Obama moving into a lead over Republican John McCain.  VOA National Correspondent Jim Malone has been monitoring the back and forth on the campaign trail and has more from Washington.Both candidates have been campaigning in key battleground states - closely contested states that could tip the election one way or the other on November 4.Grim economic news appears to be hurting Republican John McCain.  Most polls give Democrat Barack Obama a consistent lead with less than four weeks to go until Election Day.Senator John McCain in Waukesha, Wisconsin, 09 Oct 2008Increasingly, Senator McCain is trying to make Senator Obama the main issue in the campaign, as he did during a recent rally in Pennsylvania."In short, who is ready to lead in a time of trouble and danger for our country?  Who will put our country first?  And which candidate's experience in government and in life makes him a more reliable leader for our country," asked John McCain.The McCain campaign has raised questions about Obama's background and past associations.A favorite target is William Ayers, a former member of the anti-Vietnam War Weather Underground group.  Ayers lives near Obama in Chicago and hosted a political reception for Obama 13 years ago.The Obama campaign says the two men are not close.  But Senator McCain told Fox News that voters should know more about their relationship."It's about Senator Obama being candid and straightforward with the American people about their relationship," he said. "He has dismissed it by saying he was just a guy in the neighborhood.  We know it was much more than that.  Let's reveal all the details of that relationship and then the American people can make a judgment."McCain is also under increasing pressure from supporters to go after Obama personally and remind voters of Obama's ties with his controversial former pastor, the Reverend Jeremiah Wright.One voter challenged both McCain and his vice presidential running mate, Alaska Governor Sarah Palin, during a recent rally in Wisconsin."When you have an Obama, [Democratic House or Representatives Speaker Nancy] Pelosi and the rest of the hooligans up there who are going to run this country, we have got to have our head examined!  It is time that you two [McCain and running mate Sarah Palin] are representing us, and we are mad!  So go get them," said the voter.Democrats have urged Obama to fight back against the attacks, mindful of the negative attacks ads that helped undermine the 2004 Democratic nominee for president, Senator John Kerry.Senator Barack Obama campaigning in Cincinnati, Ohio, 09 Oct 2008But during a recent rally in Ohio, Obama kept his focus squarely on the economy."I can take four more weeks of John McCain's attacks, but America can't take four more years of John McCain's-George Bush's policies," he said. "We can't afford four more years of the same!"But Obama has launched his share of negative attacks.He reminded supporters in Ohio about McCain's decision to suspend his presidential campaign to work on a congressional economic bailout package shortly before the first presidential debate."I don't think we can afford that kind of erratic and uncertain leadership in these uncertain times," he said. "We need steady leadership in the White House.  We need a president we can trust in times of crisis.  And that is why I am running for president of the United States!"Both campaigns have also taken to the television and radio airwaves and the Internet with attack ads.McCain campaign ads question Obama's policies and seek to counter Democratic attacks on McCain."Obama's stem cell attack:  not true.  Barack Obama:  he promised better.  He lied.  I'm John McCain and I approved this message," says one ad.A study by the University of Wisconsin in Madison found that most McCain ads last week attacked Obama, while only 34 percent of Obama spots directly targeted McCain.Nevertheless, experts say both sides are firing negative ad salvos with abandon, including the Obama campaign."With no plan to lift our economy up, John McCain wants to tear Barack Obama down with smears that have been proven false.  I'm Barack Obama and I approved this message," says one ad.Experts say the shift to a negative tone late in the presidential campaign is predictable, but it may not produce the desired results."McCain is trying to change the subject and he is using all the materials at his disposal," said Larry Sabato, who directs the Center for Politics at the University of Virginia. "But probably this isn't going to work."Sabato adds that negative campaigning is not likely to alter an environment where voters are most concerned with the troubled domestic economy and want the candidates to present solutions."There are small bore [minor] elections and there are big issue, big change elections,' he said. "This is a big issue, big change election.  And in that sort of election, it doesn't matter terribly that these kinds of attacks are being made because that is not how the vast majority of votes will be determined."Experts say McCain's best chance to alter the focus of the campaign could come in the third and final presidential debate next Wednesday at Hofstra University in New York.  


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South Korea Says North's Nuclear Compromise May Be Near

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Foreign Minister Yu Myung-hwan says US will probably announce soon whether it intends to remove Pyongyang from list of nations suspected of sponsoring terrorism
South Korean officials are suggesting a compromise aimed at reviving efforts to get rid of North Korea's nuclear weapons may not be far off.  The United States and North Korea have been negotiating intensively on a means of confirming the accuracy of the nuclear declaration Pyongyang made earlier this year.  As VOA's Kurt Achin reports from Seoul, the potential breakthrough comes at a moment of brinksmanship by the North.South Korean Foreign Minister Yu Myung-hwanSouth Korean Foreign Minister Yu Myung-hwan told reporters in Seoul Friday the United States will probably announce soon whether it intends to remove North Korea from a State Department list of nations suspected of sponsoring terrorism.Washington promised last year to take the North off that list, as part of a broader international deal that committed Pyongyang to declare and disable its main nuclear programs.President Bush delayed the scheduled removal in August, because North Korea refused to agree on steps for verifying the declaration it submitted earlier in the year was accurate.  The North responded by ejecting international inspectors from the reprocessing facility at its main nuclear plant in Yongbyon.  The United Nations said Friday Pyongyang had informed inspectors they will now be denied access to any part of the Yongbyon complex.  North Korea threatened earlier this month to resume deriving material useable for weapons from spent nuclear fuel.The South's Minister Yu says diplomacy may produce some movement on the stalemate soon.He says the US government is expected to make a decision on the terrorism list in the near future, and that discussions on a verification protocol are still under way.Yu pointed out that even though international inspectors have been denied access to Yongbyon, they are still being housed in North Korean dormitories near the complex and not expelled from the country.   He says a compromise deal would focus narrowly on the North's plutonium-related nuclear activities.He says other issues, particularly that of a suspected North Korean uranium enrichment program, will be handled later on, as it is impossible to deal with every issue at once.Washington's chief envoy on the nuclear issue, Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill, met with senior North Korean officials last week in Pyongyang and is still conferring with his superiors in Washington.  The Bush adminstration has not made any substantial details of the latest negotiations public.Dan Pinkston, a Seoul-based analyst with the International Crisis Group, speculates Washington and Pyongyang may soon reach a verification compromise."And that gets very technical and very detailed as far as environmental samples, and when and where they can take those samples, access to individual scientists and engineers for interviews, and records, and which kind of sites are available," Pinkston said.  "And the technical people will have to work that out, and I'm sure there's been some lengthy discussions about that."Pinkston believes it makes sense to delay issues unrelated to North Korea's plutonium programs like the one at Yongbyon.  He says other matters can be handled after next month's U.S. presidential election."Wrapping up this second phase, disablement, would be a positive step - and we could move toward the dismantlement phase with the new administration in the U.S.," he said.North Korea conducted a nuclear test explosion in 2006.  Several international media reports have reported possible suspicious activity at the site of that test, suggesting Pyongyang may be planning a followup.


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100 Somali Migrants Feared Dead Off Yemeni Coast

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Smugglers forced them overboard in shark-infested waters
The United Nations refugee agency says about 100 mainly Somali migrants are missing and feared drowned off the coast of Yemen after smugglers forced them overboard in shark-infested waters.An agency spokesman Ron Redmond quotes survivors who say the ship left Somalia on Monday with about 150 people on board.  As they neared the Yemeni coast, the smugglers forced most of them to abandon ship.  The spokesman says about 47 people are believed to have survived by swimming five kilometers to shore.The agency says at least 230 people have died this year while making the treacherous journey across the Gulf of Aden that separates Yemen from Somalia. This latest incident brings the number of missing migrants to 365 since the start of the year.Yemeni authorities say some 32,000 people have arrived in the country from Somalia this year.

 

Some information for this report was provided by AFP, AP and Reuters. 


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Financial Crisis Not Changing West African Desire to Migrate to US

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Unemployment estimates there reach as high as 70 percent; millions of people struggle to survive on less than $1 a day
As the dates approach to win a green card to the United States through
the "diversity lottery," many thousands of West Africans are dreaming
of moving there.  Naomi Seck reports from Louga, a small city in
Senegal, that some residents say despite the financial crisis and
rising unemployment in the United States, they would still jump at the
chance to immigrate.In a small room in the back corner of the
Louga cultural center, a group of young men are chatting about life,
politics and philosophy.This is the American Corner, a small
library and Internet cafe run in partnership with the United States
Embassy and the Senegalese government.The director of the
center, Ann-Marie Faye, says people of all ages come to use the
center's resources. They do research for school or practice English.But once they hit a certain age, around twenty years old or so, Faye says, they pretty much all want to move to America.Abdou Aziz Ndiaye uses the computers at the Louga American CornerAbdou
Aziz Ndiaye, a twenty-year-old student, explains why. "We want to go
there for two things," he said. "We want to go there to live what we
want to know, English.  Also we go there to make money, because life is
better there than here."He says last year, he tried to apply for a visa through the diversity lottery, but did not get one. He says he will try again.Thousands
of young people from West Africa try to emigrate to richer countries,
legally and illegally, every year. Hundreds have died in dangerous
journeys across the Sahara Desert and the Atlantic Ocean attempting to
reach the United States and Europe.Ndiaye says he wants to go
there to earn enough money to help his family. "We live for our family,
we live in unity, we work for them," he said. "Here, young people
before thinking to marry a woman, or something like that, you think to
help out others."Ndiaye is the youngest of six children, and
the only one to graduate high school. When his father passed away more
than ten years ago, his older siblings had to leave school.But some immigrants from West Africa are finding things in developed countries tougher than they expected.The
economy in Europe and the United States is suffering. Unemployment in
the United States is at more than six percent, more than a percentage
point higher than last year at this time. The International Monetary
Fund has warned that the U.S. economy is in a recession that they say
the country will not recover from before 2010.Ndiaye says news
like this does not stop him from wanting to go to America. "I have
heard it from the radio and television that there is economic problem
there," he said. "But I think that they will overcome, because they
have always found a solution to their problems."Besides, says
Pape Ibrahima Guèye, another student at the American corner, any
problems in the world economy will hit developing countries much harder
than the United States or Europe.In West Africa, unemployment
estimates reach as high as 70 percent. Millions of people struggle to
survive on less than $1 a day.

 


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Women's Investment Club in California Plans to Weather Stormy Markets

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Members of 20/20 Investment Club say they are in market for long run
The recent turmoil in the world's financial markets has made investors nervous. There are thousands of investment clubs around the United States, and VOA's Mike O'Sullivan spoke to members of one, who say they are concerned, but plan to keep investing.

Dramatic fluctuations in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and other stock indexes have led some to panic selling. But a group of friends in Los Angeles, who make up the 20/20 Investment Club, say they are in the market for the long run.

Sonya Weaver JohnsonSonya Weaver Johnson started the club 11 years ago with friends and acquaintances. "Some of them, I have met in college, others in graduate school, others once I got married and so on. And so, there is a personal connection. It almost forces a group of friends to get together," she said.

Today, the 20/20 Investment Club has nine members - most are African American and all are professional women. They meet every other month to make decisions on joint investments. Each member invests at least 75 dollars every two months.

Pam BryantClub member Pam Bryant, a nurse, says these are historic times - exciting, but a little frightening. "And I think we can look back historically and see what has happened in the past with the Great Depression and crashes of the stock market, and wonder if we are going to go that way again," she said.

The club has ridden out other storms, including the dot com crash early in the decade, when many new Internet companies lost their value. The club follows the guidelines of a non-profit organization called the National Association of Investors Corporation in selecting their stocks. They have invested only in companies with a 10-year track record, mostly mid-sized and larger firms, including General Electric and Procter & Gamble.

Holly ParkerClub member Holly Parker, a lawyer, knows the market has its ups and down, and says investors should not panic. "I will check my statements every now and then, but I am just trying to let it do its thing. They say it is a natural progression in finance and in the markets, so we will see where it takes us. But right now, I am very cautious."

At a recent meeting at the home of the one club member, the women ate breakfast, then got down to business. There was serious news to digest. A government rescue plan for Wall Street had failed to bolster the stock market.

New member Antonia Lambey says the current economic problems show the importance of careful research before investing. "I do not believe that this is the end for investments and a future for growth. There is certainly opportunity for us all to learn and to be a little bit more cautious in our investing in the future," she said.

Members of the 20/20 Investment Club say their cautious approach and long-range view have paid off, at least so far. Their guidelines call for a diversified portfolio, a focus on growth companies, reinvesting their profits and staying in the market through its up and downs. They say they are concerned about market turbulence, but that they are ready to weather the storm until the economy recovers.

 


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Espionage Thriller 'Body of Lies' Questions Terror War Ideology

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Film co-starring Russell Crowe, Leonardo DiCaprio tracks key American intelligence agent in Middle East on front lines of war on terror
A new espionage thriller tracks a key American intelligence agent in the Middle East as he attempts to balance ideology with reality, on the front lines of the war on terror. Ridley Scott directs the adaptation of a best-selling novel by Washington Post columnist David Ignatius.  Alan Silverman has this look at Body of Lies.Ed Hoffman, played by Oscar-winner Russell Crowe, is a veteran Middle East hand, directing operations in the region from CIA headquarters in Virginia.Leonardo DiCaprio in scene from Body Of LiesAgent Roger Ferris - Leonardo DiCaprio - has Hoffman's orders ringing in his ears (delivered by the ever-present mobile phone) while he tries to succeed and survive in hot zones across the region.They are in pursuit of a notorious terrorist named Al-Saleem who is planning a series of attacks. After barely making it out of Iraq alive, the chase leads Ferris to Amman, Jordan, where, over Hoffman's objections - telephoned from Langley, of course - he seeks the help of Jordanian intelligence chief Hani Salaam, played by London-born Mark Strong.Russell Crowe in scene from Body Of LiesMeanwhile, Hoffman, back at CIA headquarters, puts his own plan into action, risking not only the fragile alliance but the life of his own agent.As Hoffman, Russell Crowe literally phones it in: spending much of his time barking orders, cajoling and manipulating ...but rarely face-to-face."There is a distance between him and the reality of what he is doing, so it is easy for him," Crowe explains. "He is playing a video game whereas Ferris is inside it, in real life."Leonardo DiCaprio, right, and Russell Crowe in scene from Body of LiesLeonardo DiCaprio says Ferris is forced to choose between what is morally right and what may get the job done."There was this great conflict set up in the book of this dilemma that this character has where he is asked consistently to do things that he does not believe in for the betterment of his country and this war on terror," DiCaprio says. "He wants to do the best job he possibly can, but he is being manipulated by both sides. So, besides just being a great political piece that is pertinent to this time, it is this fantastic cat-and-mouse espionage thriller that works on its own."Russell Crowe with Ridley Scott on the set of Body Of LiesDirector and producer Ridley Scott adds that Ferris's trust-based affiliation with Jordanian intelligence chief Hani stands in sharp contrast to the agent's relationship with his dogmatic, pragmatic boss, Hoffman."I think this is fundamentally about seduction and betrayal," notes Scott.  "If necessary he will betray his most valuable asset in the field if the reward is a higher reward than losing his asset."Body of Lies also features celebrated Iranian actress Golshiftah Farahani as a nurse who treats the agent's injuries and helps him understand more about the culture in which he is working. Israeli-born Alon Aboutboul portrays the clever and deadly adversary, Al-Saleem. Much of the film was shot in Morocco, where director Scott found locations to believably stand in for settings from Iraq to Jordan.


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1 comment:

johnsmith said...

The Dow Jones Industrial Average Monday registered its biggest daily point gain ever, gaining 936 points or 11 percent. The Bush administration is expected to unveil a plan to spend up to $250 billion buying stock in private banks so that they can raise money and resume normal lending.

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kesha

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